Wadatacce
- Menene tsararrun tsararraki suka ƙunsa?
- Ab Adbuwan amfãni na sake haifuwa na ƙarni
- Misalai na canza tsararraki a cikin dabbobi
- Haihuwar ƙudan zuma da tururuwa
- Crustaceans tare da haifuwa ta maye gurbi
- Haihuwar jellyfish
- Kiwo kwari ta hanyar canza tsararraki
DA haifuwa ta maye gurbi, kuma aka sani da heterogony. Akwai dabbobin da ke da hayayyafa ta jima'i amma, a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu, suna gudanar da hayayyafa ta dabi'a, kodayake wannan baya nufin cewa suna musanya nau'in haifuwa iri ɗaya da wani.
Sauye -sauyen tsararraki ya fi yawa a cikin tsirrai, amma wasu dabbobi ma suna yin sa. Don haka, a cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal, za mu zurfafa cikin wannan nau'in haifuwa kuma mu ba da wasu misalai na haifuwa da musanyawar tsararraki a cikin dabbobi wanda ke aikata shi.
Menene tsararrun tsararraki suka ƙunsa?
Haihuwa ta hanyar canzawar tsararraki ko heterogony wani nau'in kiwo na kowa a cikin tsire -tsire marasa furanni masu sauƙi. Wadannan tsire -tsire sune bryophytes da ferns. A cikin wannan dabarar haihuwa, haifuwar jima'i da haɓakar jima'i ana jujjuya su. Game da tsire -tsire, wannan yana nufin cewa za su sami lokacin sporophyte da wani lokaci da ake kira gametophyte.
A lokacin sporophyte mataki, shuka zai samar da tsiro wanda zai ba da girma ga tsirrai iri ɗaya da na asali. A lokaci gametophyte, tsiron yana samar da gametes na maza da mata wanda, lokacin da suka shiga wasu gametes daga wasu tsirrai, za su haifar da sabbin mutane masu nauyin nau'in halitta daban -daban.
Ab Adbuwan amfãni na sake haifuwa na ƙarni
Haihuwa ta hanyar canzawar tsararraki yana tara fa'idodin jima'i da haihuwa. Lokacin da wani mai rai ya hayayyafa ta hanyar dabarun jima'i, yana samun zuriyarsa su sami bambancin jinsin halittu masu yawa, wanda ke fifita daidaitawa da wanzuwar nau'in. A gefe guda kuma, lokacin da wani mai rai ke hayayyafa da dabi'a, adadin sabbin mutane da ke bayyana ya fi yawa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Don haka, tsirrai ko dabbar da ta hayayyafa ta wasu tsararraki na zamani za ta sami ƙarni mai wadatar halitta da adadi mai yawa, tare yana ƙara haɗarin rayuwa.
Misalai na canza tsararraki a cikin dabbobi
Kiwo iri -iri a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe kamar kwari wataƙila shine mafi yawan misalai da yawa, amma kiwo jellyfish na iya bin wannan dabarar.
Na gaba, za mu nuna nau'in dabbobin da ke haifar da juyi na ƙarni:
Haihuwar ƙudan zuma da tururuwa
Haihuwar ƙudan zuma ko tururuwa na faruwa ne ta hanyar canza tsararraki. Wadannan dabbobi, dangane da mahimmin lokaci inda suka sami kansu, za su sake haifuwa ta hanyar dabarun jima'i ko jima'i. duka suna rayuwa a unguwa ko al'umma ta ainihi, wanda aka tsara a cikin simintin gyare -gyare, kowannensu yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Dukan tururuwa da kudan zuma suna da sarauniyar da ke yin kwafi sau ɗaya a rayuwarsu, kafin wani sabon hive ko sifar tururuwa, tana adana maniyyi a cikin jikinta a cikin gabobin da ake kira spermtheca. Duk 'ya'yanta mata za su kasance sakamakon haɗin ƙwai na sarauniya da kwayayen maniyyi, amma a wani matsayi, lokacin da al'umma ta balaga (kusan shekara ɗaya a cikin yanayin ƙudan zuma da shekara huɗu a yanayin tururuwa), sarauniyar zai sa ƙwai marasa haihuwa. (haifuwa ta asali ta parthenogenesis) wanda zai haifar da maza. A zahiri, akwai sanannun nau'in tururuwa waɗanda babu maza a cikin su, kuma haifuwa 100% ne.
Crustaceans tare da haifuwa ta maye gurbi
Kai jinsunan crustaceans Daphnia da madadin haifuwa. A lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara, lokacin da yanayin muhalli ya dace, daphnia tana haifar da jima'i, yana haifar da mata kawai waɗanda ke haɓaka cikin jikinsu bayan dabarun ovoviviparous. Lokacin hunturu ya fara ko lokacin da aka yi fari ba zato ba tsammani, mata kan haifi maza ta parthenogenesis (nau'in haifuwar asexual). Adadin maza a cikin yawan mutanen daphnia ba zai taɓa wuce na mata ba. A cikin nau'ikan da yawa, ba a san ilimin halittar maza ba saboda ba a taɓa lura da shi ba.
Haihuwar jellyfish
Haihuwar jellyfish, dangane da jinsin da lokaci inda suka sami kansu, suma zasu faru ta hanyar canzawar tsararraki. Lokacin da suke cikin matakin polyp, za su ƙirƙiri babban mazaunin mallaka wanda zai sake haifuwa ta al'ada, yana samar da ƙarin polyps. A wani lokaci, polyps ɗin za su samar da ƙaramin jellyfish mai rai wanda, lokacin da suka balaga, za su samar da gametes na mata da na maza, suna aiwatar da haifuwar jima'i.
Kiwo kwari ta hanyar canza tsararraki
A ƙarshe, aphid Phylloxera vitifoliae, yana sake yin jima'i a cikin hunturu, yana samar da ƙwai wanda zai ba mata damar bazara. Wadannan mata za su hayayyafa ta parthenogenesis har sai yanayin zafi ya sake sauka.
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Madadin tsararraki a cikin dabbobi,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.