Wadatacce
- Menene rabe -raben halittu
- Decomposers a cikin sarkar abinci
- Muhimmancin masu lalata a yanayi
- Ire -iren rugujewar halittu
- Masu rarrabuwa
- masu cin hanci
- halittu masu yawa
- Dabbobi masu rarrafewa
- Misalan rugujewar dabbobi
- Misalan Dabbobi Masu Ƙarfi
- Misalin dabbobin daji masu cin nama
- Misalan dabbobin dung
A cikin kowane yanayin muhalli, kamar yadda akwai sarkar abinci inda muke samun kwayoyin halittar kayan lambu (babu masu samar da dabbobi) da cinye dabbobi, akwai kuma sarkar abinci mara kyau, wanda haƙiƙaninsa shine canza dukkan kwayoyin halitta daga sauran sarkar abinci zuwa abubuwan da ba su da amfani, yana mai sa waɗannan mahadi su sake shafan tsirrai. A cikin wannan sarkar za mu ga halittu masu rarrafewa ko ɓarna, wasu daga cikinsu suna lalata dabbobi, kodayake yawancinsu fungi ne ko ƙwayoyin cuta.
A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal za mu ga abin da masu lalatawa suke da mahimmancin rawar da suke takawa a yanayin ƙasa.
Menene rabe -raben halittu
Halittun da ke ruɓewa su ne kwayoyin heterotrophic da ke ciyar da kwayoyin halitta a yayin rarrabuwa ko ɓata daga wasu dabbobin, kamar najasa. Ana kuma kiran wadannan halittu saprophages. Rushewa tsari ne na halitta wanda ya zama dole a cikin tsirrai don sabunta kwayoyin halitta da kuzari. Yawancin halittu ne ke yin sa, yawancin su lalata kwayoyin cuta ko kwayoyin halittar chemoorganotrophic saboda suna samun kuzari ta hanyar halayen sunadarai, ta amfani da lalacewar kwayoyin halitta azaman substrate.
Wani muhimmin rukuni na kwayoyin halitta shine lalata fungi, duka microscopic da macroscopic. A ƙarshe, kodayake galibi suna farkon farkon sarkar detritivore, mun sami fayil ɗin lalata dabbobi, tare da masu sintiri kasancewa ƙungiya mai mahimmanci.
Decomposers a cikin sarkar abinci
A cikin kowane yanayin muhalli, akwai sarkar abinci inda zai yiwu a sami masu samarwa, masu amfani da masu lalata. Wannan na ƙarshe yana aiki bayan mutuwar masu samar da abubuwa da masu amfani daban -daban.
Kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke haifar da masu samarwa da masu amfani (kujera, biomass da sauran sharar da jiki ke fitarwa) suna aiki azaman abinci ga masu decomposers kamar fungi da bacteria, kasancewar ku tushen makamashi da abubuwan gina jiki.
Muhimmancin masu lalata a yanayi
Matsayin masu rarrafewa don daidaita muhallin halittu na muhalli yana da mahimmanci. Suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ayyukan ma'aunin muhalli, tunda sun canza kwayoyin halitta zuwa inorganic, ta haka suna dawo da abubuwan gina jiki zuwa muhalli. Wannan zai ba da damar sake amfani da waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki ta wasu halittu waɗanda za su samar da sabbin kwayoyin halitta.
A takaice, halittu masu rarrafewa ke kula da su sake sarrafa kwayoyin halitta a cikin sarkar abinci.
Ire -iren rugujewar halittu
Akwai galibi iri masu lalata, ana rarrabasu bisa ga asalin kwayoyin halitta rubewa, ko gawa ce ko sassanta, mataccen shuka ko najasa. Dangane da haka, nau'ikan da muke samu sune:
Masu rarrabuwa
Su ne masu ciyar da abinci tarkace ko daga sassan kayan lambu da ke taruwa a cikin ƙasa, kamar ganye, tushe, rassa ko 'ya'yan itatuwa, wanda kuma bayan rarrabuwa ya ƙare har ya zama humus, wanda ƙasa ce mai arziƙi a cikin kwayoyin halitta.
masu cin hanci
Wadannan kwayoyin suna cin gawarwaki ko sassan jikin dabbobin da ke rubewa. Yawanci, wannan aikin an fara shi ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe haɗewar kwayoyin halitta don lalata dabbobi.
halittu masu yawa
Su kwayoyin halitta ne, galibi fungi da dabbobi masu rarrafewa, waɗanda ke cin abinci akan kwayoyin halitta waɗanda har yanzu ana iya haɗa su daga feces.
Dabbobi masu rarrafewa
Ma'anar rugujewar dabbobi ba wani bane illa:
Rayayyun halittu na masarautar dabbobin da ke ciyar da lalata kwayoyin halitta.
Mun sami dabbobi masu rarrafewa a cikin ƙungiyoyin invertebrate da vertebrate. Daga cikin na farko, wataƙila ƙungiya mafi mahimmanci ita ce kwari, iri -iri, kamar kuda, kumbura ko ƙwari. A ina muke samun ƙarin misalai na lalata dabbobi masu rarrafe cikin ƙungiyoyi dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye.
A gefe guda kuma, yalwar wannan nau'in dabbobi ya bambanta da yanayi. Misali, bazuwar dabbobi a cikin hamada ba kasafai ake samun su ba, 'yan tsirarun halittu ne kawai. Yana cikin wurare masu ɗumi inda za mu iya samun mafi girman bambancin waɗannan halittu, kasancewar dabbar da ke rarrafewa ta gandun daji ita ce mafi yawan bambancin.
Misalan rugujewar dabbobi
A ƙasa, muna gabatar da jerin abubuwa tare da misalan rugujewar dabbobi ana jerawa ta nau'in:
Misalan Dabbobi Masu Ƙarfi
- Tsutsotsin ƙasa (Family Lubricidae), taka muhimmiyar rawa a ciki humus samuwar.
- Gastropods (mollusks, lemo da katantanwa). Yawancin waɗannan dabbobin kuma suna ciyar da tsirrai masu rai, wanda ke sa wasu su zama kwari.
- omnicides ko tsutsotsi (Subnic Omnicides).
Misalin dabbobin daji masu cin nama
- Diptera ko kwari (Iyalai Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, Phoridae ko Muscidae). A ilimin forensic ana la'akari da waɗannan dabbobin da ƙwaro don sanin lokacin mutuwa.
- Coleoptera ko ƙwaro (Iyalai Silphidae ko Dermestidae)
- kuraye (Iyali Hyaenidae). Wasu masana ilmin muhalli ba za su haɗa da dabbobin da suka mutu ba a matsayin wani ɓangare na dabbobin farauta, amma gaskiyar ita ce suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rugujewar gawawwaki.
- ungulu (Iyali Accipitridae kuma Cathartidae)
Misalan dabbobin dung
- Coleoptera ko ƙwaro (Iyalai Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae kuma Hybosoridae). Wannan ya hada da shahararre ƙudan zuma.
- Diptera ko kwari (Iyalai Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae ko Muscidae). Green kore (Phaenicia sericata) ana iya ganewa sosai game da digon dabbobi.
- Ƙasar Masar (Neophron percnopterus). Baya ga zama mai ƙyanƙyashewa, yana haɓaka abincinsa tare da najasar saniya don ɗaukar carotenoids (alade na kayan lambu) waɗanda ke ba da baki baki mai launi.
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Rarraba halittu: menene su, iri da misalai,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.