Wadatacce
- kwari anatomy
- shugaban kwari
- kwari thorax
- Ciki na kwari
- Ciwon ƙwari
- Haihuwar kwari
- Metamorphosis kwari da girma
- Sauran halayen kwari
Ƙwari ne dabbobi masu rarrafe waɗanda ke cikin arthropod phylum, wato, suna da exoskeleton na waje yana ba su kariya mai yawa ba tare da sadaukar da motsin su ba, kuma su ma suna da kayan haɗin gwiwa. Su ne mafi bambancin rukunin dabbobi a doron ƙasa, tare da sama da miliyan, yayin da ake gano wasu da yawa a kowace shekara.
Bugu da ƙari, sun bambanta kuma sun saba sosai ga kusan kowane muhalli a doron ƙasa. Ƙwari suna bambanta da sauran arthropods domin suna da ƙafafu uku da fikafikai biyu, kodayake wannan sifa ta ƙarshe na iya bambanta. Girman su na iya kaiwa daga 1 mm zuwa 20 cm, kuma manyan kwari suna zaune a wurare masu zafi. Ci gaba da karanta wannan labarin PeritoAnimal kuma za ku koyi komai game da duniyar ban mamaki da halayen kwari, daga cikakkun bayanan jikinsu zuwa abin da suke ci.
kwari anatomy
Jikunan kwari suna rufewa da exoskeleton wanda ya ƙunshi jeri na yadudduka da abubuwa daban -daban, ciki har da chitin, sclerotin, kakin zuma da melanin. Wannan yana ba da kariya ta inji daga bushewa da asarar ruwa. Dangane da siffar jiki, akwai babban bambanci tsakanin kwari, wanda zai iya yin kauri da mai kamar kuda, doguwa da sirara kamar kwari da kwari, ko lebur kamar kyankyasai. eriya suna kuma iya bambanta da siffa kuma su zama fuka -fukai kamar yadda a cikin wasu asu, idan dai a cikin fara ko lanƙwasa kamar a cikin malam buɗe ido. An raba jikinku zuwa yankuna uku:
shugaban kwari
Shin capsule siffar kuma a nan ne idanun, guntun bakin da suka haɗa da abubuwa da yawa kuma an saka eriya biyu. Idanun za a iya haɗawa, dubunnan rabe -rabe, ko masu sauƙi, waɗanda ake kira ocelli, waɗanda ƙananan tsarin photoreceptor ne. Tsarin baka ya ƙunshi sassan da aka bayyana (labrum, muƙamuƙi, muƙamuƙi da leɓe) waɗanda ke ba su damar yin ayyuka daban -daban, dangane da irin kwari da nau'in abincin su, wanda zai iya zama:
- irin tauna: kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da orthoptera, coleoptera da lepidopterans.
- nau'in cutter-tsotsa: gabatar a Diptera.
- nau'in tsotsa: kuma a cikin Diptera, kamar kwari na 'ya'yan itace.
- nau'in chewer-licker: a cikin ƙudan zuma da wasps.
- nau'in chipper-sucker: irin na hemiptera kamar ƙura da ƙwari.
- Siphon ko nau'in bututu: Hakanan yana cikin lepidopterans.
kwari thorax
Ya ƙunshi sassa uku, kowannensu yana da ƙafafu biyu:
- Prothorax.
- Mesothorax.
- Metathorax.
A yawancin kwari, meso da metathorax suna ɗauka fuka -fuki guda biyu. Waɗannan su ne faɗuwar cuticular na epidermis, kuma ana ba su jijiyoyi. A gefe guda, ana daidaita ƙafafun don ayyuka daban -daban, gwargwadon hanyar rayuwa, tunda kwari na ƙasa na iya zama masu tafiya, masu tsalle, masu tono, masu iyo. A wasu nau'ikan, ana canza su don kama ganima ko tattara pollen.
Ciki na kwari
An hada da 9 zuwa 11 sassa, amma na ƙarshe an rage shi sosai a cikin tsarin da ake kira ƙulli. A cikin sassan al'aura akwai gabobin jima'i, wanda a cikin maza sune gabobin da ke canzawa don canza maniyyi, kuma a cikin mata suna da alaƙa da oviposition.
Ciwon ƙwari
Abincin kwari shine babban bambanci. Dangane da nau'in kwari, za su iya ciyar da abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga tsirrai.
- Kayan lambu.
- Takardu.
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari.
- Furanni.
- Itace.
- Fungal hyphae.
- Wasu kwari ko dabbobi.
- Jini.
- Ruwan dabbobi.
Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da kwari, muna ba da shawarar karanta wannan labarin na PeritoAnimal game da kwari 10 masu guba a Brazil.
Haihuwar kwari
A cikin kwari, ana raba jinsi kuma sake kunnawa na ciki ne. Wasu nau'in jinsin jima'i ne kuma suna haifuwa ta hanyar parthenogenesis, wato ta hanyar samar da ƙwayoyin jima'i na mata marasa haihuwa. A cikin jinsin jima'i, yawanci ana sanya maniyyi a cikin bututun al'aurar mace yayin saduwa.
A wasu lokuta, ana adana maniyyi a cikin maniyyi wanda za a iya canzawa yayin saduwa ko sanya shi a kan ƙaramin abin da mace za ta tattara. Sannan ana ajiye maniyyin a cikin ɗakin karatun maniyyi na mata.
jinsuna da yawa aure sau ɗaya kawai a rayuwarsu, amma wasu na iya yin aure sau da yawa a rana. kwari yawanci kwan da yawa qwai, sama da miliyan ɗaya a lokaci guda, kuma ana iya ajiye su shi kaɗai ko a ƙungiya, kuma suna yin hakan a takamaiman wurare. Wasu nau'in suna sanya su a kan tsiron da tsutsa za su ci, nau'in na ruwa yana sanya su cikin ruwa kuma, a cikin yanayin nau'in parasitic, suna sanya ƙwai cikin caterpillars na malam buɗe ido ko wasu kwari, inda daga baya tsutsa za ta ci gaba da samun abinci. Hakanan, a wasu lokuta, suna iya huda itace su saka ƙwai a ciki. Sauran nau'in halittu masu rai ne kuma ana haife su ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
Metamorphosis kwari da girma
Matakan farko na girma suna faruwa cikin kwai, kuma suna iya yin watsi da ku ta hanyoyi da yawa. A lokacin metamorphosis, kwari yana samun canje -canje kuma yana canza fasalinsa, wato yana canzawa zuwa molt ko ecdysis. Kodayake wannan tsari bai keɓanta da kwari kawai ba, canje -canje masu ƙima suna faruwa a cikinsu, saboda suna da alaƙa da haɓaka fuka -fuki, an ƙuntata ga matakin manya, da balagar jima'i. Metamorphoses na iya bambanta gwargwadon nau'in su kuma an rarrabe su kamar haka:
- holometaboles: watau cikakkiyar metamorphosis. Yana da dukkan matakai: kwai, tsutsa, kumbiya da babba.
- Hemimetabolus. Canje -canje suna faruwa kaɗan kaɗan kuma kawai a cikin canjin na ƙarshe sun fi na ƙima.
- Ametaboles: babu banbanci tsakanin matasa da manya, sai dai balagar jima'i da girman jiki.
Sauran halayen kwari
ban da halaye na kwari da aka ambata a sama, waɗannan su ne wasu peculiarities waɗanda ke gabatarwa:
- zuciya tubular: samun zuciyar tubular ta inda hemolymph ke yawo (kwatankwacin jinin sauran dabbobin), kuma ƙanƙarar ta na faruwa ne saboda motsin peristaltic.
- numfashin tracheal: numfashin su yana faruwa ta hanyar tsarin tracheal, babbar hanyar sadarwa na bututu na bakin ciki waɗanda ke reshe cikin jiki kuma ana haɗa su da waje ta hanyar iskar da ke ba su damar musayar gas tare da muhalli.
- Tsarin fitsari: da malpighi tubules don fitar fitsari.
- tsarin azanci: Tsarin jijiyoyin ku ya ƙunshi sassa daban -daban. Suna da injiniyoyi masu kama da gashi, suma suna tsinkayar sauti ta gabobin tympanic waɗanda suka ƙunshi rukuni na ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi. Ku ɗanɗani da ƙamshin sunadarai, gabobin azanci a cikin eriya da ƙafa don gano zafin jiki, zafi da nauyi.
- yi diapause: suna shiga wani hali na rashin kwanciyar hankali inda dabbar ta kasance cikin hutawa saboda yanayin muhalli mara kyau. Sabili da haka, ana daidaita tsarin rayuwarsa tare da lokuta masu kyau lokacin da abinci yalwatacce kuma yanayin muhalli ya dace.
- hanyar kariya: don kare ku, suna da nau'ikan launi daban -daban, waɗanda zasu iya zama gargadi ko kwaikwayon su. Bugu da ƙari, wasu nau'in na iya samun ɗanɗano mai ƙamshi da ƙamshi, wasu kuma suna da tsutsotsi tare da ƙura mai guba, ƙaho don kare su, ko tsintar gashin kai. Wasu suna neman tserewa.
- Masu shafawa. Wannan tsari ana kiransa coevolution, lokacin da akwai juyin halittar daidaituwa tsakanin junan biyu ko fiye.
- jinsin zamantakewa: akwai nau'in zamantakewa kuma, a cikin wannan girmamawa, sun haɓaka sosai. Suna da haɗin gwiwa a cikin ƙungiyar, wanda ya dogara da siginar taɓawa da sinadarai. Koyaya, ba duk ƙungiyoyi ne ƙungiyoyi masu rikitarwa ba, da yawa suna da ƙungiyoyi na wucin gadi kuma ba a haɗa su ba. A gefe guda kuma, kwari irin su tururuwa, tsutsotsi, tsutsotsi da kudan zuma suna da tsari sosai, yayin da suke zama tare a cikin mazauna tare da matsayi na zamantakewa. An haɓaka su har zuwa cewa sun haɓaka tsarin alamomi don sadarwa da isar da bayanai game da muhalli ko tushen abinci.
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Halayen kwari,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.