Wadatacce
- menene parasitism
- Ire -iren parasitism
- Abvantbuwan amfãni na rayuwa a matsayin m
- Illolin rayuwa a matsayin m
- misalai na parasitism
Parasitism shine ɗayan dabarun rayuwa mafi yaduwa a cikin Masarautar Dabbobi, tare da aƙalla kashi 20% na nau'in dabbobin sun zama ƙwayoyin sauran halittu.
Akwai taxa da aka haɗa kawai daga halittu masu ɓarna, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da acanthocephali (tsutsotsi masu tsutsotsi). Ire -iren wadannan kwayoyin halittu suna rayuwa da kudin sauran halittu, ko dai tsawon rayuwarsu ko kuma na dan karamin lokaci.
A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal za mu koyi ma'anar parasitism, nau'ikan daban -daban da ke wanzu, tare da fahimtar fa'idodi da rashin amfanin wannan salon rayuwa da ma wasu misalai.
menene parasitism
Parasitism wani nau'in alamomi ne wanda aka cutar da ɗayan ƙwayoyin da ke cikin (mai masaukin), wato, kar a samu wani fa'ida kuma ita ma tana fama da lalacewar dangantaka. A gefe guda, parasite yana samun nasa yanayin rayuwa a cikin wannan dangantaka. Irin wannan alaƙar tana ci gaba har sai ɗayan mutane biyu (parasite ko host) ya mutu.
A cikin wannan alaƙar, kowane memba na wani iri daban -daban. Tashin hankali dole ne ya zauna a cikin mai masaukin don samun abinci, galibi kayan halitta don ƙirƙirar furotin nasa, sannan kuma yana samun mazauninsa a cikin mahaifa, ba tare da abin da ba zai iya rayuwa ba.
A duk waɗannan dalilan, parasites sune kwayoyin da ke buƙatar a kusanci da ci gaba da dangantaka da mai masaukin baki (na wani nau'in), wanda ke ba shi abinci, enzymes narkewa ko kayan aiki kuma yana ƙarfafa shi don haɓaka ko haɓaka.
Ire -iren parasitism
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don rarrabe parasites, a ƙasa muna nuna mafi sani ko amfani:
rarrabuwa na haraji. A parasitology, kimiyyar da ke nazarin parasites, zooparasites ne kawai ake bi da su.
Rarraba gwargwadon matakin dogaro da gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta ke da shi akan mai masaukin:
- Zaɓin ɓarna.
- m parasite.
- parasites mai haɗari.
- m parasite: Parasites da ke rayuwa a cikin dabbobi yawanci suna yin hakan a cikin takamaiman gabobi ko nama. Kwayar cuta da ta tsinci kanta a cikin gaɓoɓin da ba ita ce mai masaukinta ba, an san ta da ɓarna.
Ƙayyadewa gwargwadon wurin da m ke cikin mahaifa
- endoparasite: Waɗannan su ne ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke buƙatar zama a cikin mahaifa, kamar zuciya, huhu, hanta ko narkewar abinci.
- ectoparasite: suna zaune a cikin mai masaukin baki, amma ba sa ciki. Misali, akan fata ko gashi.
Rarrabuwa gwargwadon tsawon lokacin da ƙwayar cuta ke sa mai gidan ya gurɓata:
- Parasites na wucin gadi: lokacin parasitic na wucin gadi ne kuma yana faruwa ne kawai akan saman dabba (mai masaukin baki), baya cikin. Kwayar cuta tana ciyar da mai gida, fata ko jininsa, misali.
- M parasite: parasite yana buƙatar wuce ɗayan matakan rayuwarsa (kwai, tsutsa, ƙarami ko babba) a cikin mai masaukin, bayan haka zai rayu cikin yardar rai.
- M parasa: parasite dole ne ya ciyar da rayuwarsa duka a ciki ko waje mai masaukin idan yana son ya tsira.
Abvantbuwan amfãni na rayuwa a matsayin m
Da farko, dabbobin da muka sani a yau kamar parasites suna da salon rayuwa kyauta a baya. Kasancewar a wani lokaci a cikin juyin halitta waɗannan dabbobin sun sami salon rayuwar parasitic ya sa muke tunanin yakamata su sami wani fa'ida.
Fa'idar farko da parasites ke samu shine na mazauni. Dabbobi suna da dabaru don kula da homeostasis a cikin jikinsa, wanda ke ba parasit damar yiwuwar rayuwa a cikin yanayin da kusan babu canji.
A gefe guda, suna da hanya mai sauƙi zuwa rarraba zuriyar ku a kan manyan yankuna da sauri. Misali, idan dan kwari ya saki kwai ta hancin mai masaukinsa, yana tabbatar da cewa zuriyarsa za su bunkasa a wani wuri. Don parasite, da abinci koyaushe yana kusa kuma yana samuwa, yayin da yake ciyar da mai masaukin ko wani ɓangare na abincin da yake ci.
Illolin rayuwa a matsayin m
Ba komai bane fa'ida ga dabbobin parasitic. Gaskiyar rayuwa a cikin jiki ta sa parasitic congeners suna da nisa, duka a sararin samaniya da lokaci, kamar yadda za su rayu a kan wasu runduna, saboda haka dole ne a samo dabarun haɓakar jima'i don dacewa da kayan halitta.
A ka’ida ta gaba ɗaya, baƙi ba sa so su zama masu ɓarna, don haka za su kasance masu ƙiyayya ga ƙwayoyin cuta kuma za su yi ƙoƙarin kawar da su ta kowane farashi, misali ta hanyar yin ado. Hakanan, mai watsa shiri na iya mutuwa, don haka mazaunin baya dawwama.
misalai na parasitism
A cikin wannan sashin muna nuna wasu sanannun sanannun alaƙar parasitic, wanda yawancin su ma zoonoses ne.
- DA coccidiosis cuta ce da ƙungiyar parasites masu ƙyalli ke haifar da ƙasan Coccidiasina. Coccidia ana tilasta parasites intracellular, don haka suna buƙatar mai masaukin su rayu, kuma dole ne su kasance ba kawai a cikin dabba ba, amma a cikin sel.
- DA echinococcosis ko cutar hydatid wata babbar cuta ce da ke haifar da alaƙar da ke tsakanin ɓarna na aji Cestoda da mai shayarwa, yawanci shanu, dabbobin gida ko ɗan adam. Cestoids sune endoparasites na fili mai narkewa kamar tsutsotsi. Tsutsukansu na iya tafiya cikin jini zuwa wasu gabobin jiki, kamar hanta, suna samar da kumburin hydatid.
- Kura da ƙwari wasu misalai ne masu kyau na parasitism. A wannan yanayin, parasites suna rayuwa akan dabba kuma ba a ciki ba.
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Parasitism - menene, iri da misalai,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.