Rarraba dabbobi dangane da abinci

Wadatacce

• abincin dabbobi
• Rarraba dabbobi dangane da abinci
• dabbobi masu cin nama
• Nau'o'in Dabbobi Masu Nishaɗi
• dabbobin daji
• Ire -iren dabbobin daji
• dabbobi masu omnivorous
• Ire -iren dabbobin omnivorous
• Sauran nau'ikan abincin dabbobi
• Dabbobi masu rarrafewa ko dabbobi masu rarrafe
• dabbobin parasitic
• dabbobin dung

Abincin dabbobin yana da banbanci kuma yana da alaƙa da daidaitawa ga yanayin halittar da suke rayuwa a ciki, sabili da haka, ga tsarin rayuwarsu da jikinsu. DA bambancin abinci a zahiri, yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da yasa dabbar dabbobi ta bambanta kuma ta sami damar yin mulkin duk yanayin da zai yiwu.

A yanayi, muna samun kowane irin dabbobi da ke cin ganyayyaki, saiwoyi, gawarwaki, jini, har ma da najasa. kuna son saduwa da su? A cikin wannan labarin PeritoAnimal, muna nuna muku cikakken rarrabuwana dabbobi dangane da abinci.

abincin dabbobi

Dabbobi, yayin aiwatar da juyin halittarsu, sun saba da rayuwa a cikin mahalli daban -daban da cinye abincin da ke akwai. Mutane da yawa sun ƙware wajen cin abinci iri ɗaya, suna guje wa gasa da wasu kwayoyin halitta. A saboda wannan, ƙimar abincin dabbobi yana da banbanci ƙwarai.

Don ƙarin fahimtar tsarin juyin halitta na kowace dabba da yadda yake da alaƙa da muhallinsa (ilimin halittu), ya zama dole a san rarrabuwa na dabbobi gwargwadon abincin su. Bari mu fara!

Rarraba dabbobi dangane da abinci

Rarraba dabbobi bisa ga abincin su ya dogara ne akan nau'in abu daga inda suke samun abincinsu. Don haka muna da masu biyowa nau'in dabbobi:

• Dabbobi masu cin nama.
• Dabbobi masu kiba.
• Dabbobi masu rarrafe.
• Dabbobi masu rarrafewa.
• Parasites.
• Coprophages.

Kodayake sanannun sune ukun farko, zamuyi magana akan kowannensu a gaba.

dabbobi masu cin nama

Dabbobi masu cin nama sune waɗanda ciyar musamman akan abin dabba. Hakanan an san su azaman masu siye na biyu saboda gaskiyar cewa yawanci ciyar da dabbobin daji. Don cimma wannan, suna gabatar da dabaru daban -daban kamar babban gudu, samuwar garke, tafiya shiru ko kamanni.

Masu cin nama suna cinye yawancin abincin da suke cinyewa, saboda yana kama da nasu. Don haka za su iya ci abinci kadan kuma ku rayu na dogon lokaci ba tare da cin komai ba. Koyaya, waɗannan dabbobin suna kashe kuzari mai yawa don samun abinci, kuma galibi suna ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa suna hutawa.

Nau'o'in Dabbobi Masu Nishaɗi

Bisa lafazin hanyar samun abinci, za mu iya samun iri masu cin nama:

• masu cin nama: su ne wadanda suke samun abincinsu daga ganima mai rai. Don yin wannan, dole ne su neme su, su bi su su kamo su, wanda hakan babban ɓarna ne na makamashi. Wasu misalai na dabbobin da ke cin naman dabbobi (Felidae) da kwari (Coccinellidae).
• mahauta: ciyar da sauran dabbobin da suka mutu. Dabbobin da ke cire kayan ba sa buƙatar kashe kuzari a kan tsinkaye, kodayake suna da jiki da aka shirya don guje wa kamuwa da cuta. Misali, galibi suna da ƙarancin acid na ciki na pH. Ungulu (Accipitridae) da tsutsa na wasu kuda (Sharcophagidae) misalai ne na dabbobin da suka mutu.

Bisa lafazin babban abincinku, muna da nau'ikan nau'ikan masu cin nama:

• Janar masu cin nama: su ne dabbobin da ke cin kowane irin nama. Misali shine baƙar fata (milvusmasu hijira), wanda zai iya cinye kwari, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa har ma da gawa.
• Insectivores ko entomographs: yafi cin kwari. Wannan shine lamarin, alal misali, yawancin nau'ikan gizo -gizo (Arachnid).
• Myrmecophages: ciyar da tururuwa, kamar masu cin duri (harshe).
• Piscivores ko ichthyophagous: su ne dabbobin da suke ci, sama da duka, kifi. Misali shine sarkin kamun kifi (Alcedo da wannan).
• Planktonic: Yawancin masu farautar ruwa da farko suna ciyar da plankton. Wannan shine babban abincin da kifayen ke ci, da sauran cetaceans.

dabbobin daji

dabbobin daji ciyar musamman akan kayan lambu, shi ya sa suke da tauna tauna. An kuma san su a matsayin masu cin abinci na farko kuma sune abincin dabbobi da yawa masu cin nama. A saboda wannan dalili, dabbobin daji suna gudu da sauri, suna yin garken tumaki, suna iya yin kamannin kansu kuma suna da wasu dabarun tsaro, kamar aposematism na dabbobi.

Amfanin gandun daji shine babban sauƙin da suke samun abinci, wanda ke nufin cewa suna da ƙarancin kuzarin makamashi. Koyaya, waɗannan dabbobin suna iya daidaitawa kawai kuma suna amfani da ƙaramin adadin ƙwayar shuka da suke cinyewa. saboda haka su bukatar abinci mai yawa.

Ire -iren dabbobin daji

An rarrabe dabbobin ciyawa bisa ga tsarin irin kwayoyin halitta akan abin da suke ciyarwa. Mutane da yawa suna cin babban abinci, kodayake suna iya cin wasu nau'ikan abinci sau da yawa. Anan akwai wasu nau'ikan tsirrai:

• Janar Herbivores: suna ciyar da kowane nau'in tsirrai har ma da nau'in tsiro iri -iri. Misali guda ɗaya shine manyan dabbobi, kamar saniya (kyau taurus), wanda ke cin tsire -tsire iri -iri da rassan bishiyoyi.
• Abokai: yafi ciyar da ganyayyaki. Misali, gorilla na dutse (gorillakayan lambu eggplant) da caterpillars na yawancin nau'in asu (Lepidoptera).
• Frugivores: Babban abincinsa shine 'ya'yan itatuwa. Wasu jemagu, kamar su eidolon lafiya, kuma 'ya'yan itacen suna tashi larvae (Keratitisbabban birnin kasar) misalai ne na dabbobin daji.
• Masu girma: Tsaba sune abincin da kuka fi so. Tsuntsaye masu gajeren baki da fadi suna cin abinci musamman akan tsaba, kamar finch (chlorischloris). Wani misali shine tururuwa Barbarus Messor.
• Xylophages: su ne dabbobin da ke cin itace. Mafi sanannen misali shine kwari (Isoptera), duk da cewa akwai sauran wasu kwari masu cin itace kamar ƙwari. Dendroctonus spp.
• Rhizophages: babban abincinsa shine tushen sa. Wasu dabbobin rhizophagous sune tsutsa na kwari da yawa, kamar ƙwaro na iyali. Scarabaeidae da karas tashi (psilaruwan hoda da).
• Nectarivores: cinye tsirrai da furanni ke bayarwa don musanyawa. Daga cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe, muna samun ƙudan zuma (anthophila) kuma furen ya tashi (Syrphidae).

dabbobi masu omnivorous

Dabbobi iri -iri sune waɗanda ke ciyarwa duka dabba da kayan lambu. Don wannan, suna da kowane haƙora iri -iri, duka canine don yayyage nama, da makoki don tsire -tsire. Shin dabbobin dama kuma tare da na'urar narkar da abinci ta generalist.

Abincin su iri -iri yana ba da damar dabbobin daji su saba da su kowane irin muhalli, a duk lokacin da yanayi ya bada dama. Don haka, galibi suna zama dabbobi masu mamayewa lokacin da suka isa sabbin wurare.

Ire -iren dabbobin omnivorous

Dabbobi masu rarrafe sun bambanta sosai, don haka babu ainihin nau'ikan dabbobin omnivorous. Koyaya, kamar yadda iyakance kawai ga abincin su shine hanyar rayuwarsu, zamu iya rarrabasu gwargwadon su inda suke zaune. A wannan yanayin, zamu sami nau'ikan nau'ikan omnivores masu zuwa:

• terrestrial omnivores: mafi nasara omnivores a ƙasa shine mice (Mus spp.), boar daji (susscrofa) da mutum (homo sapiens).
• omnivores na ruwa: nau'in piranhas da yawa (Characidae) su ne komai. Hakanan wasu kunkuru, kamar koren kunkuru (Mylon Chelonia), wanda ke da ikon komai a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.
• yawo omnivores: Tsuntsaye masu dogayen dogayen da matsakaitan faffadan baki (ba na musamman ba) suna da yawa, wato suna ciyar da kwari da iri. Wasu misalai na tsuntsaye masu rarrafe su ne dabbar gida (fasinjan gida) da magpie (Zakara Zaka).

Sauran nau'ikan abincin dabbobi

Akwai wasu nau'o'in abincin dabbobi da yawa waɗanda ba a sani ba, amma ba su da mahimmanci. A cikin rarrabuwa na dabbobi gwargwadon abincinsu, zamu iya ƙara nau'ikan masu zuwa:

• Masu yankewa.
• Parasites.
• Coprophages.

Dabbobi masu rarrafewa ko dabbobi masu rarrafe

Dabbobi masu rarrafewa suna cin abinci ragowar kwayoyin halitta, kamar busasshen ganye ko matattun rassa. A lokacin ciyar da su, suna lalata kwayoyin halitta kuma suna watsar da abin da baya yi musu hidima. Daga cikin sharar sa, akwai adadi mai yawa na abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda ke zama abinci ga tsirrai da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa masu mahimmanci don samuwar ƙasa.

Daga cikin dabbobin da ke rugujewa, muna samun wasu nau'in annelids, kamar tsutsotsi (Lubricidae) da mafi yawan macizaidiplopod).

dabbobin parasitic

Parasites sune rayayyun halittu cewa "sata" abubuwan gina jiki daga wasu kwayoyin halittas. Don wannan, suna rayuwa a haɗe da fatarsu (ectoparasites) ko a cikin su (endoparasites). Wadannan dabbobin suna ci gaba da dangantaka da rundunoninsu da ake kira parasitism.

Dangane da baƙonsa ko mai masaukinsa, zamu iya rarrabe iri biyu na dabbobin daji:

• parasites na dabbobi: ectoparasites na dabbobi hematophagous ne, suna cin jini, kamar ƙura (Shiphonaptera); yayin da endoparasites ke ciyar da kai tsaye akan abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikin tsarin narkar da ku ko wasu gabobin. Misali na endoparasite shine tsutsotsi (Taya spp.) ba.
• shuka parasites: su ne dabbobin da ke cin abincin tsirrai. Wannan shine lamarin da yawancin aphids da kwari (hemiptera).

dabbobin dung

Coprophages yana ciyar da najasar sauran dabbobi. Misali ɗaya shine tsutsa na ƙudan zuma irin su Scarabaeus laticollis. Manyan ire -iren wadannan irin ƙwaro suna jan ƙyallen feces inda suke saka ƙwai. Don haka, larvae na gaba zasu iya ciyar da ita.

Dabbobin da ke cin najasa za a iya ɗaukar su masu lalata. Kamar su, suna da mahimmanci ga ƙimar kwayoyin halitta sake amfani da dawowarsa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa ta trophic.

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Rarraba dabbobi dangane da abinci,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.