Wadatacce
- Menene dabbobi masu shayarwa?
- Halaye 11 na dabbobi masu shayarwa
- Nau'o'in dabbobi masu shayarwa
- Misalan dabbobi masu shayarwa
- Misalan masu shayarwa na duniya
- Misalan masu shayarwa na ruwa
- Misalan monotremes mammals
- Misalai na marsupial mammals
- Misalan tsuntsaye masu shawagi
Dabbobi masu shayarwa sune mafi yawan rukunin dabbobi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka fi sanin su da kasusuwa. Wannan saboda ƙungiya ce da aka haɗa mutane cikin, don haka bayan ƙarnuka na ƙoƙarin sanin juna, nau'inmu yayi bincike akan wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa.
A cikin wannan labarin PeritoAnimal, za mu yi bayani game da ma'anar dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda ya fi yawa fiye da abin da muka sani gabaɗaya. Bugu da kari, za mu yi bayani kan Dabbobi masu shayarwa da wasu sanannun misalai wasu kuma ba na kowa bane.
Menene dabbobi masu shayarwa?
Dabbobi masu shayarwa babban rukuni ne na dabbobi masu kashin baya tare da zafin jiki na yau da kullun, wanda aka rarrabe a cikin aji na Mammalia. Gabaɗaya, ana bayyana dabbobi masu shayarwa a matsayin dabbobin da ke da fur da mammary gland, waɗanda ke haifar da yaransu. Duk da haka, dabbobi masu shayarwa sun fi ƙwayoyin halittu masu rikitarwa yawa, tare da ƙarin sifofi fiye da waɗanda aka ambata a sama.
Duk dabbobi masu shayarwa suna saukowa daga magabaci guda ɗaya wanda ya bayyana a ƙarshen Triassic, kimanin shekaru miliyan 200 da suka gabata. Musamman, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna saukowa daga synapsid na farko, tetrapods na amniotic, wato dabbobi masu kafafu huɗu waɗanda envelope huɗu suka kare amfrayo ɗin su. Bayan bacewar dinosaurs, kimanin shekaru miliyan 65 da suka gabata, dabbobi masu shayarwa sun bambanta daga wannan magabacin zuwa iri daban -daban, daidaitawa ga duk hanyoyin, ƙasa, ruwa da iska.
Halaye 11 na dabbobi masu shayarwa
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, ba a bayyana waɗannan dabbobin ta haruffa ɗaya ko biyu kawai ba, a zahiri, suna da sifofi na musamman, gami da babban rikitarwa na ɗabi'a wanda ke sa kowane mutum ya zama na musamman.
A halaye na dabbobi masu shayarwa su ne:
- muƙamuƙi kafa ta kawai kashin hakori.
- Haɗin haɗin gwiwa tare da kwanyar kai tsaye an yi shi tsakanin haƙori da ƙashin ƙugu.
- Fasali na uku kasusuwa a tsakiyar kunne (guduma, jujjuyawa da shiga ciki), ban da monotremes, waɗanda ke da kunnen reptilian mafi sauƙi.
- Muhimmin tsarin epidermal na waɗannan dabbobi shine gashin kansu. Duk nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa haɓaka gashi, zuwa babba ko ƙarami. Wasu nau'in, irin su cetaceans, kawai suna da gashi a lokacin haihuwa, kuma suna rasa waɗannan gashin yayin girma. A wasu lokuta, gashin yana canzawa, yana zama, alal misali, ƙafar whales ko sikelin pangolin.
- Tsoma cikin fatar dabbobi masu shayarwa, adadi mai yawa gumi da sebaceous gland za a iya samu. Wasu daga cikinsu ana canza su zuwa ƙanshin ƙanshi ko guba.
- gabatar mammary gland, wanda ya samo asali daga glandan sebaceous da ɓoye madara, wanda shine abincin da ya zama dole ga matasa masu shayarwa.
- Dangane da nau'in, suna iya samun su kusoshi, farce ko kofato, duk sun ƙunshi wani abu da ake kira keratin.
- Wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da ƙaho ko ƙaho. Ƙahonin suna da tushe mai ƙashi da fata ta rufe, kuma ƙahonin kuma suna da kariya mai ƙarfi, kuma akwai wasu ba tare da tushen ƙashi ba, wanda aka samu ta hanyar tara fatar fata, kamar yadda ya faru da ƙahonin karkanda.
- O na’urar narkar da dabbobi yana da ci gaba sosai kuma yana da sarkakiya fiye da sauran nau'in. Siffar da ta fi bambanta su ita ce kasancewar wani jakar makafi, kari.
- Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da neocortex na kwakwalwa ko, a sa wata hanya, ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwa, wanda ke jagorantar su don haɓaka ɗimbin ɗimbin ƙwarewar fahimta.
- duk masu shayarwa numfashiiska, koda kuwa masu shayarwa ne na ruwa. Saboda haka, tsarin numfashin dabbobi masu shayarwa yana da biyu huhu wanda, gwargwadon nau'in, na iya ko ba za a lobed ba. Hakanan suna da trachea, bronchi, bronchioles da alveoli, waɗanda aka shirya don musayar gas. Hakanan suna da gabobin murya tare da muryoyin muryoyin da ke cikin maƙogwaro. Wannan yana ba su damar samar da sautuna daban -daban.
Nau'o'in dabbobi masu shayarwa
Ƙayyadaddun ma'anar dabbobi masu shayarwa za ta ware wasu daga cikin nau'in halittu masu shayarwa na farko da suka bayyana a doron ƙasa. An raba aji Mammalia zuwa umarni uku, monotremes, marsupials da placentals.
- Monotremes: umurnin halittun dabbobi masu rarrafe sun samo asali ne daga nau'ikan dabbobi guda biyar, platypus da echidnas. Waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna halin kasancewarsu dabbobin da ba su da yawa, wato suna yin ƙwai. Bugu da ƙari kuma, suna riƙe da halayen kakanninsu na ruɓewa, cloaca, inda duka kayan narkar da abinci, na fitsari da na haihuwa ke haɗuwa.
- Marsupials: Dabbobi masu shayarwa na Marsupial suna da halaye, duk da kasancewa dabbobin da ke rayuwa, suna da ɗan gajeren ci gaban mahaifa, suna kammala shi tuni a waje da mahaifa amma a cikin jakar fata da ake kira marsupium, wanda a ciki akwai ƙwayar nono.
- Mazauni: A ƙarshe, akwai masu shayarwa na mahaifa. Waɗannan dabbobin, su ma masu rayayyun halittu, suna kammala ci gaban tayin su a cikin mahaifiyar uwa, kuma lokacin da suka bar ta, gaba ɗaya sun dogara da mahaifiyarsu, wacce za ta ba su kariya da abincin da za su buƙaci a farkon watanni ko shekarun rayuwa, nono.
Misalan dabbobi masu shayarwa
Domin ku san waɗannan dabbobin sosai, muna gabatar da jerin misalai masu yawa na dabbobin dabbobi masu shayarwa, kodayake ba ta da yawa kamar ta fiye da nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa 5,200 wanda a halin yanzu yake a doron duniya.
Misalan masu shayarwa na duniya
Za mu fara da dabbobi masu shayarwa, wasu daga cikinsu sune:
- Alfadari (zebra equus);
- gida cat (Felis sylvestris catus);
- kare gida (Canis lupus saba);
- Giwar Afirka (Loxodonta na Afirka);
- Wolf (ruwan lupus);
- Bakin kowa (elafus na mahaifa);
- Lynx na Eurasian (lynx lynx);
- Rabbit na Turai (Oryctolagus cuniculus);
- Doki (equus ferus caballus);
- Common Chimpanzee (troglodytes kwanon rufi);
- Bonobo (paniscus);
- Yaren Borneo Orangutan (Pong Pygmaeus);
- Brown bear (Ursus arctos);
- Panda bear ko katon panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca);
- Red fox (Tsarin Vulpes);
- Tiger Sumatran (panthera tigris sumatrae);
- Damisa ta Bengal (panthera tigris tigris);
- Mai ba da labari (rangifer tarandus);
- Bugun biri (Alouatta palliata);
- llama (daglam laka);
- Weasel mai wari (ciwon hanta);
- Badger (zuma zuma).
Misalan masu shayarwa na ruwa
Akwai kuma masu shayarwa na ruwa, wasu daga cikinsu sune:
- Grey Whale (Eschrichtius robustus ya girma);
- Pygmy Dama Whale (Caperea gefe);
- Dabbar dolphin (gangetic platanist);
- Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus);
- Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus);
- Dolphin na Bolivia (Inia boliviensis);
- Labarin batsa (vexillifer lipos);
- Dabbar dolphinInia araguaiaensis);
- Kogin Greenland (Balaena mysticetus);
- Dabbar Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus);
- Labarin batsa (phocoena phocoena);
- Dolphin ruwan hoda (Ina geoffrensis);
- Kogin Dabbar Dolphin (karamin platanist);
- Yankin Whale na Pacific (Eubalaena japonica);
- Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae);
- Dabbar dolphin mai launin fata ta Atlantika (Lagenorhynchus acutus);
- Yaren Vaquita (Phocoena sinus);
- Ikon gama gari (Vitulina Phoca);
- Zakin Tekun Australia (Neophoca cinerea);
- Harshen fur ɗin Kudancin Amurka (Arctophoca australis australis);
- Tekun Bear (Callorhinus bears);
- Rikicin Ruwan Ruwa na Bahar Rum (monachus monachus);
- Crab hatimi (Wolfdon carcinophagus);
- Dambar Damisa (Hydrurga leptonyx);
- Gemun Bearded (Erignathus barbatus);
- Hatunan Harp (Pagophilus groenlandicus).
Hoto: Dolphin ruwan hoda/Sake bugawa: https://www.flickr.com/photos/lubasi/7450423740
Misalan monotremes mammals
bin da misalai masu shayarwa, ga wasu nau'in halittu masu shayarwa na monotremes:
- Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus);
- Echidna mai gajeren zango (tachyglossus aculeatus);
- Echidne na Attenborough (Zaglossus mai ban sha'awa);
- Echidne na Barton (Zaglossus bartoni);
- Echidna mai dogon zango (Zaglossus bruijni).
Misalai na marsupial mammals
Akwai kuma marsupial dabbobi masu shayarwa, daga cikinsu, mafi shahara shine:
- Common Vombat (Ursinus Vombatus);
- Rake (petaurus breviceps);
- Gabashin Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus);
- Kangaroo na Yammacin Grey (Macropus fuliginosus);
- Yaren Koala (Phascolarctos Cinereus);
- Red kangaroo (Rufin Macropus);
- Iblis ko Tasmaniya shaidan (Sarcophilus harrisii).
Misalan tsuntsaye masu shawagi
Don ƙare wannan labarin game da Dabbobi masu shayarwa, bari mu ambaci wasu nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa masu tashi da kuke buƙatar sani game da:
- Jemagu mara kyau (Myotis emarginatus);
- Babban jemage arboreal (Nyctalus noctula);
- Kudancin Jemage (Eptesicus isabellinus);
- Desert Red Jemage (Lasiurus blosssevillii);
- Filin Flying Philippine (Acerodon jubatus);
- jemagu jemage (Hypsignathus monstrosus);
- Jemage na kowa ko dwarf jemage (pipistrellus pipistrellus);
- Baturin Vampire (Tsarin rotundus);
- Batun Vampire Bat mai gashiDiphylla ecaudata);
- Batun Vampire Bat-fuka-fuka (yar yarinya).
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Halaye na dabbobi masu shayarwa: ma'ana da misalai,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.