Dabbobin Antarctic da halayensu

Wadatacce

• Halayen Dabbobin Antarctica
• Antarctic fauna
• 1. Sarkin penguin
• 2. Karl
• 3. Damisar teku
• 4. Weddell hatimi
• 5. Crab hatimi
• 6. Rufewar Ross
• 7. Antarctic petrel
• Wasu dabbobin daga Antarctica
• Dabbobin Antarctic da ke cikin haɗarin bacewa

Antarctica ita ce mafi sanyi kuma mafi ƙasƙanci nahiyar na duniya Duniya. Babu biranen a can, kawai tushen ilimin kimiyya ne ke ba da rahoto mai mahimmanci ga duk duniya. Yankin gabacin nahiyar, wato wanda ke kusa da Oceania, shi ne yanki mafi sanyi. Anan, ƙasa ta kai tsayin sama da mita 3,400, inda, alal misali, tashar kimiyya ta Rasha Tashar Vostok. A wannan wuri, an yi rikodin sa a cikin hunturu (watan Yuli) na 1893, yanayin zafi a ƙasa -90 ºC.

Sabanin abin da zai iya zama alama, akwai yankuna masu zafi a Antarctica, kamar yadda tsibirin Antarctic wanda, a lokacin bazara, yana da yanayin zafi a kusa da 0 ºC, yanayin zafi mai zafi ga wasu dabbobin da a -15 ºC sun riga sun yi zafi. A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal, zamuyi magana game da rayuwar dabbobi a Antarctica, wannan yanki mai tsananin sanyi a duniya, kuma zamuyi bayanin halayen dabbobinsa da rabawa misalan dabbobi daga Antarctica.

Halayen Dabbobin Antarctica

Daidaitawar dabbobi daga Antarctica galibi ana sarrafa su da ƙa'idodi biyu, the mulkin allen, wanda ke nuna cewa dabbobin endothermic (waɗanda ke daidaita yanayin zafin jikinsu) waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin sanyi suna da ƙananan gabobin hannu, kunnuwa, muzzle ko wutsiya, don haka rage hasarar zafi, da mulkinBergmann, wanda ke tabbatar da cewa tare da niyya guda ɗaya na daidaita asarar zafi, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin irin waɗannan wuraren masu sanyi suna da jikin da ya fi girma girma fiye da nau'in da ke zaune a cikin yanayin zafi ko na wurare masu zafi. Misali, penguins-mazaunin pole sun fi girma penguins na wurare masu zafi.

Domin su tsira a cikin irin wannan yanayi, ana daidaita dabbobi don tara ɗimbin yawa kitse a ƙarƙashin fata, hana asarar zafi. Fata yana da kauri sosai kuma, a cikin dabbobin da ke da fur, yawanci yana da yawa, yana tara iska a ciki don ƙirƙirar murfin rufewa. Wannan shine lamarin ga wasu ungulates da bears, kodayake Babu belar polar a Antarctica, ko kuma masu shayarwa irin wadannan. Har ila yau hatimin yana canzawa.

A lokutan hunturu mafi sanyi, wasu dabbobi suna ƙaura zuwa wasu wurare masu ɗumi, wanda shine dabarun fifiko ga tsuntsaye.

Antarctic fauna

Dabbobin da ke zaune a Antarctica sune mafi yawan ruwa, kamar hatimi, penguins da sauran tsuntsaye. Mun kuma sami wasu kwarangwal na ruwa da cetaceans.

Misalan da za mu yi bayani dalla -dalla a ƙasa, saboda haka, kyakkyawan wakilai ne na tsibirin Antarctic kuma sune kamar haka:

• Sarkin penguin
• Krill
• damisa ta teku
• hatimin weddell
• kaguwa hatimi
• ross hatimi
• Antarctic petrel

1. Sarkin penguin

Sarkin sarakuna Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) yana rayuwa a ko'ina arewacin gabar tekun antarctic, rarrabawa cikin yanayin dawafi. An rarrabe wannan nau'in azaman mai kusanci da barazanar yayin da yawanta ke raguwa sannu a hankali saboda canjin yanayi. Wannan nau'in yana da zafi sosai lokacin da zazzabi ya tashi zuwa -15 ºC.

Penguins na Emperor suna ciyar da kifi akan tekun Antarctic, amma kuma suna iya ciyar da krill da cephalopods. da a sake zagayowar kiwo na shekara -shekara. An kafa yankuna ne tsakanin Maris da Afrilu. A matsayin abin mamaki game da waɗannan dabbobin Antarctic, zamu iya cewa suna saka ƙwai tsakanin watan Mayu zuwa Yuni, a kan kankara, kodayake an ɗora ƙwai a ƙafafun ɗaya daga cikin iyayen don hana su daskarewa. A ƙarshen shekara, 'yan kwikwiyo sun zama masu zaman kansu.

2. Karl

Yankin Antarctic (Kyakkyawan Euphausia) shine tushen sarkar abinci a wannan yanki na duniya. Yana da game da ƙarami crustacean malacostraceanwanda ke rayuwa yana yin guguwa sama da kilomita 10 a tsayi. Rarrabarsa tana kewaye, duk da cewa ana samun mafi yawan jama'a a Kudancin Atlantika, kusa da tsibirin Antarctic.

3. Damisar teku

Damisa na ruwa (Hydrurga leptonyx), da sauransu Dabbobin Antarctic, ana rarraba su akan tekun Antarctic da sub-Antarctic. Mace sun fi maza girma, suna kai nauyin kilo 500, wanda shine babban dimorphism na jinsin. An haifi ppan ƙanƙara akan kankara tsakanin Nuwamba zuwa Disamba kuma ana yaye su a makonni 4 kacal.

Dabbobi ne kaɗai, ma'aurata suna yin kwafi a cikin ruwa, amma ba sa ganin juna. sun shahara da zama manyan mafarauta na penguin, amma kuma suna ciyar da krill, wasu hatimi, kifi, cephalopods, da sauransu.

4. Weddell hatimi

Buga na Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii) da rarraba da'ira a fadin tekun Antarctic. Wani lokaci ana ganin mutane keɓe a bakin tekun Afirka ta Kudu, New Zealand ko Australia ta Kudu.

Kamar yadda yake a baya, hatimin bikin aure na mata ya fi na maza girma, kodayake nauyinsu yana canzawa sosai a lokacin yin zina. Suna iya ƙirƙirar kankara na kan lokaci ko a ƙasa, yana ba su damar yin hakan kafa yankuna, yana dawowa kowace shekara zuwa wuri guda don haifuwa.

Hatimin da ke rayuwa a cikin kankara na yanayi yana yin ramuka da haƙoransu don samun ruwa. Wannan yana haifar da saurin hakora, yana rage tsawon rai.

5. Crab hatimi

Kasancewa ko babu alamar kaguwa (Wolfdon carcinophaga) a kan yankin Antarctic ya dogara da canjin yanayin kankara na yanayi. Lokacin da zanen kankara ya ɓace, adadin hatimin kaguwa yana ƙaruwa. Wasu mutane suna tafiya zuwa kudancin Afirka, Australia ko Kudancin Amurka. shiga nahiyar, yana zuwa nemo samfurin rayuwa mai nisan kilomita 113 daga gabar teku kuma a tsayin mita 920.

Lokacin da hatimi na kaguwa na mata ke haihuwa, suna yin hakan ne a kan kankara, tare da uwa da yaro tare da rakiyar namiji, abin kalli haihuwar mace. Ma'aurata da kwikwiyo za su ci gaba da zama tare har zuwa 'yan makonni bayan an yaye yaron.

6. Rufewar Ross

Wata dabbar Antarctica, hatimin ross (Ruwa mai sanyi) ana rarraba su a ko'ina cikin yankin Antarctic. Yawanci suna tarawa cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi a kan kankara kan ruwa mai yawo a lokacin bazara don yin kiwo.

Waɗannan hatimin sune qananan daga cikin nau’o’in hudu wanda muka samu a Antarctica, mai nauyin kilo 216 kawai. Mutanen wannan nau'in suna wucewa watanni da yawa a cikin teku,, ba tare da kusantar babban yankin ba. Suna haduwa a watan Janairu, a lokacin ne suke canza rigunansu. An haifi ppan kwikwiyo a watan Nuwamba kuma ana yaye su da wata ɗaya. Nazarin kwayoyin halitta ya nuna cewa shi ne a nau'inmai auren mata daya.

7. Antarctic petrel

Antarctic petrel (Antarctic thalassoica) an rarraba shi a duk gabar tekun na nahiyar, yana zama wani ɓangare na dabbobin Antarctic, kodayake fi son tsibiran da ke kusa don yin gidajen ku. Dutsen da babu dusar ƙanƙara yana da yawa a kan waɗannan tsibiran, inda wannan tsuntsu ke yin gida.

Babban abincin petrel shine krill, kodayake suna iya cinye kifi da cephalopods.

Wasu dabbobin daga Antarctica

Duk da Antarctic fauna an haɗa shi ta wata hanya ko wata zuwa teku, babu wani nau'in halittu na duniya zalla. Sauran dabbobin ruwa daga Antarctica:

• Yaren Gorgoni (Tauroprimnoa austasensis kuma Diguegorgia Kuekenthali)
• Kifin azurfa na Antarctic (Pleuragramma antarctica)
• Antarctica Starry Skateboard (Amblyraja Jojiyanci)
• talatin Antarctic réis (sterna vittata)
• Beechroot mirgine (pachyptila mai kufai)
• Kudancin Whale ko Antarctic Minke (Balaenoptera bonaerensis)
• Kudancin Dormant Shark (Somniosus antarcticus)
• Dutsen silvery, petrel azurfa ko petrel austral (Fulmarus glacialoides)​
• Antarctic mandrel (stercorarius antarcticus)
• Kifin Doki (Zanchlorhynchus spinifer)

Dabbobin Antarctic da ke cikin haɗarin bacewa

Dangane da IUCN (Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya), akwai dabbobi da yawa waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin ɓacewa a Antarctica. Wataƙila akwai ƙarin, amma ba isasshen bayanai don tantancewa. Akwai jinsi a ciki m halakar m, a blue whale daga antarctica (Balaenoptera musculus intermedia), adadin mutane yana da ya ragu da 97% daga 1926 zuwa yanzu. An yi imanin yawan mutanen ya ragu sosai har zuwa shekarar 1970 sakamakon kifin, amma daga baya ya karu kadan.

Kuma nau'ikan 3 masu haɗari:

• albatross​ (Phoebetria ƙwaro). Wannan nau'in yana cikin haɗarin ɓacewa har zuwa 2012, saboda kamun kifi. Yanzu yana cikin haɗari saboda an yi imani, bisa ga abubuwan gani, cewa yawan jama'a ya fi girma.
• Arewacin Royal Albatross (Diomedea sanfordi). Arewacin Royal Albatross yana cikin mawuyacin haɗarin ɓacewa saboda tsananin guguwa a cikin 1980s sakamakon canjin yanayi. A halin yanzu babu isasshen bayanai, yawanta ya daidaita kuma yanzu yana sake raguwa.
• Grey mai kai Albatross (bayyanar chrysostoma). Yawan raguwar wannan nau'in ya yi saurin sauri cikin ƙarni 3 na ƙarshe (shekaru 90). Babban dalilin bacewar jinsin shine kamun kifi na dogon lokaci.

Akwai wasu dabbobin da ke cikin haɗarin halaka waɗanda, duk da cewa ba sa rayuwa a Antarctica, suna wucewa kusa da kan iyakokinsu a cikin ƙaurarsu ta ƙaura, kamar atlantic petrel (pterodroma mara tabbas), Ku penguin sclater ko kafa madaidaicin penguuin (DAudiptes sclaza a yi), Ku rawaya hanci albatross (Thalassarche carteri) ko kuma Antipodean albatross (Diomedea antipodensis).

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Dabbobin Antarctic da halayensu,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.