Dabbobi na Sama - Misalai da Halaye

Wadatacce

• Menene dabbobi masu tashi da dabbobin sama?
• Dabbobi masu shawagi ne dabbobin sama?
• Halayen dabbobin da ke sama
• Irin dabbobin da ke sama
• Misalan dabbobin sama
• Jerin dabbobin da ke tashi
• 1. Royal aqua (Aquila chrysaetos)
• 2. Gryphon na Rueppell (Gyps rueppelli)
• 3. Fallen Peregrine (Falco peregrinus)
• 4. Kudancin kudan zuma hummingbird (Mellisuga helenae)
• 5. Kyankyaso (Blattella germanica)
• 6. Arctic tern (Sterna paradise)
• 7. Flamingo gama gari (Phoenicopterus roseus)
• 8. Ruwan Orange (Pantala flavescens)
• 9. Atlas asu (Attacus atlas)
• 10. Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)

Jirgin sama yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da dabbobi ke amfani da su don motsawa, amma ba kowa ke iya yin wannan ba. Domin tashi, ya zama dole a samu halayen jiki da ke ba da damar tashi. Dan Adam, ta hanyar lura da dabbobin sama, ya dauki shekaru aru -aru yana kirkirar injin da ke tashi, misali, kamar tsuntsu.

Ƙungiyoyin dabbobi kalilan ne ke da ainihin ikon tashi, duk da haka, idan muka kalle ta ta fuskar yawan nau'in, yawancin nau'in dabbobin da ke wanzuwa a duniya suna tashi - kwari. A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal, zaku sani menene dabbobin sama, halayensu da wasu misalai na dabbobi masu tashi.

Menene dabbobi masu tashi da dabbobin sama?

Gabaɗaya, dabbobin da ke yawo da dabbobin iska iri ɗaya ne, kodayake akwai keɓewa da za mu nuna a duk labarin inda "tashi" da "iska" ba sa nufin abu ɗaya. Hakanan, dabbobin da ke sama sune waɗanda ke yi amfani da jirgin azaman injin motsi. Ga wasu dabbobin wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a bi, amma wasu da yawa suna amfani da ita azaman hanyar tserewa a gaban mai farauta.

Wasu dabbobin suna yin yawancin rayuwarsu suna shawagi, suna yin dukkan muhimman ayyukansu a cikin iska: cin abinci, mu'amala da muhallinsu da 'yan'uwansu halittu, ko haifuwa. A gare su, tashi yana da mahimmanci don rayuwa. Sauran dabbobin kawai suna samun ikon tashi lokacin da suka balaga. Wasu nau'ikan suna da ikon yin tafiya mai nisa, kamar su dabbobi masu ƙaura, wasu kawai suna buƙatar tashi da ɗan gajeren nisa.

Kowane nau'in dabba ko rukunin dabbobi yana da injin daban don motsawa ta amfani da jirgin, don haka zasu samu fasali daban -daban amma makamantansu, tunda babban burin shine iri ɗaya: tashi.

Dabbobi masu shawagi ne dabbobin sama?

Wannan shine banbancin da muka ambata a sashin da ya gabata, inda ba a amfani da "iska" da "tashi" a musayar. dabbobi masu shawagi ana ɗaukarsu dabbobin sama, amma ba dabbobi masu tashi ba.. Wannan shi ne saboda ba za su iya tashi ba amma suna motsa iska. Don wannan, waɗannan dabbobin suna da ƙananan jiki, masu haske da fatar fata mai ƙyalƙyali wanda ke haɗuwa da gabobinsu. Don haka, lokacin tsalle, suna miƙa ƙafafunsu kuma suna amfani da wannan membrane don zamewa. A cikin wannan rukunin mun sami dabbobi masu shayarwa da masu rarrafe.

Halayen dabbobin da ke sama

Kowane nau'in dabbar da ke tashi tana da nata hanyar tashi, gwargwadon halaye na zahiri, amma yawancin waɗannan dabbobin dole ne su sami jerin sifofi na yau da kullun waɗanda ke ba da damar tashi:

• fuka -fuki: duk dabbobin da ke tashi suna da fikafikai. A wasu lokuta, waɗannan fikafikan gyaran fuska ne na gaba, kamar na tsuntsaye ko tsuntsaye masu shawagi (jemagu), inda aka gyara ƙasusuwan a duk lokacin juyin halitta don samarwa ko inganta ikon tashi. Wasu dabbobin sun samo fuka -fukan da ake ganin haɗuwarsu ta juyin halitta, wato sun faru a ƙarƙashin matsin muhalli iri ɗaya. Wannan shi ne yanayin kwari.
• ƙananan nauyi: don dabba ta tashi, ba za ta yi nauyi ba. Tsuntsaye sun rage nauyin ƙasusuwansu ta hanyar ƙara ƙarfin su, suna sa su yi sauƙi. Masu jujjuyawa masu jujjuyawa suna yin nauyi kaɗan saboda kayan da aka yi su na exoskeleton suna da haske. Dabbobi masu tashi masu nauyi mafi girma ba za su iya tashi mai nisa ba saboda ba za su iya zama a cikin jirgin na dogon lokaci ba.
• karfin zuciya. Jirgin sama yana cin kuzari da yawa kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin iskar oxygen don isa ga tsokoki. Don wannan ya faru, bugun zuciya yana da girma sosai kuma yawan haemoglobin cikin jini (furotin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen a cikin jini) shima.
• aerodynamic siffar: siffar jiki ma yana da mahimmanci. Rage juriya da jiki ke yi da iska yana taimakawa yin yawo sosai. Samun ƙarancin sifar iska ba yana nufin dabbar ba za ta iya tashi ba, amma tana yin sannu a hankali.

Irin dabbobin da ke sama

Akwai nau'ikan dabbobi iri -iri, gwargwadon phylum da suke. Don haka, muna da nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi masu tashi:

• m dabbobi masu shayarwa, wadanda jemagu ne ko jemagu. Ba za mu iya ɗaukar wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, kamar muzahara mai tashi, a matsayin dabba mai tashi, amma a matsayin dabbar da ke sama, domin ba a zahiri take tashi ba, kawai tana zamewa. Dabbobi masu shayarwa da gaske kawai jemagu ne.
• tsuntsaye, amma ba dukkansu dabbobi ne na sama ba, saboda akwai nau’o’i da yawa da ba sa iya tashi saboda nauyi ko rashin fikafikansu. Wasu daga cikin tsuntsayen da basa tashi su ne kiwi, jimina, kuma yanzu sun mutu dodos.
• Ivertebrates, ko da yake kawai dabbobi na ajin Kwari suna da fikafikai kuma suna iya tashi. A cikin waɗannan dabbobin, fuka -fukan kawai suna bayyana kuma suna aiki yayin balaga. Wasu kwari ba su da fikafikai a matsayinsu na manya, amma wannan ya faru ne saboda daidaitawar juyin halitta da ake kira neoteny, ko kiyaye halayen yara.

Misalan dabbobin sama

Kamar yadda aka ambata, yawancin tsuntsaye dabbobi ne na sama. Misali mai haske shine swifts. Wadannan dabbobin, bayan barin gida, ciyar da rayuwarsu gaba daya a cikin iska. Suna ciyarwa ta hanyar buɗe bakinsu da farautar sauro, yi wa abokan zamansu shari'a yayin da suke tashi, kuma suna iya yin kwafi a cikin iska.

Sauran misalan dabbobin da ke sama sune:

• Kai psittacidos ko parrots suma dabbobi ne na sama, duk da kasancewar su masu kyau masu hawa hawa. Yawancin akuya suna ƙaura kuma, don haka, suna buƙatar samun ƙarfin jirgi mai kyau.
• O hammerhead fruit jemage, mafi girman nau'in jemage na Afirka, dabba ce ta iska kamar sauran jemagu. Tare da halaye na dare, yana ciyar da sa'o'i na rana yana bacci da ciyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, amma kuma akan kaji ko masu saran.
• DA malam sarki Kyakkyawan misali ne na dabbar da ke cikin iska ta ƙungiyar kwari, kamar yadda a cikin tsarin rayuwarsa yana aiwatar da wasu ƙaura mafi tsawo a doron ƙasa.

Jerin dabbobin da ke tashi

Kodayake waɗanda muka ambata a sama dabbobi ne na sama da muke iya gani sau da yawa a cikin rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun, akwai nau'in yawo da yawa da ke wanzu. A ƙasa, muna nuna muku cikakken jerin tare da wasu daga cikinsu:

• Ƙudan zuma (Apis mellifera)
• Babban Alatross (Diomedea exulans)
• Ƙasar Mikiya ta Iberian (Aquila Adalberti)
• Osprey (yanayin haliaetus)
• Sarauniyar Mikiya (Aquila chrysaetos)
• Fusel (Lapponic slime)
• Wasp na Jamus (Jamus Vespula)
• Ruppell ta Gryphon (Gyps Rueppelli)
• Bakin Baƙi (Aegypius monachus)
• Mujiya (ungulu ungulu)
• Babban Teku na Teku (pratincola gril)
• White Stork (cizon cizon)
• Bakin Baki (ciconia nigra)
• Andes Condor (wandatushen gryphus)
• Kyankyaso (Blattella germanica)
• Masarautar Egret (ruwan hoda)
• Gull mai fuka-fuki (larus fuka)
• Yankin Arctic (sterna na sama)
• Flamingo na kowa (Phoenicopterus fure)
• Ƙananan Flamingo (Phoeniconaias ƙarami)
• Falsafa Peregrine (falco peregrinus)
• Farin mujiya (Tayi alba)
• Orange Dragonfly (pantala flavescens)
• Atlas asu (atlas atlas)
• Bakin Kite (milvus migrans)
• Jemagu mara kyau (Myotis emarginatus)
• Babban jemage arboreal (Nyctalus noctula)
• Tattabara ta gama gari (Columba na rayuwa)
• Pelican na kowa (Pelecanus onocrotalus)
• Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)
• Bluethroat (Luscinia svecica)
• Meganso-de-ajiye (Mergus ya gani)
• Gaggawa (abun ap)
• Mongolian Swift (Hirundapus caudacutus)
• Kudancin kudan zuma hummingbird (Mellisuga ya karanta)

Don ƙarin koyo game da wasu daga cikin waɗannan dabbobin iska da ganin hotunansu, a cikin sassan da ke tafe muna nunawa 10 tsuntsaye masu tashi da kwari.

1. Royal aqua (Aquila chrysaetos)

Yawanci, wannan tsuntsu yana tashi sama da mita 4,000 sama da matakin teku, kodayake an samo samfuran da ke da ƙarfin wuce mita 6,000.

2. Gryphon na Rueppell (Gyps rueppelli)

Tsuntsu ne mai tashi da karfin ikon tashi sama, wanda ya kai tsayin sama da mita 11,000.

3. Fallen Peregrine (Falco peregrinus)

Shi ne tsuntsu mafi sauri a cikin jirgin a kwance, yana kaiwa kilomita 200/h.

4. Kudancin kudan zuma hummingbird (Mellisuga helenae)

Wannan nau'in hummingbird shine mafi ƙanƙanta tsuntsaye a duniya (nauyinsa bai wuce gram 2 ba) kuma yana iya kaiwa saurin 50 km/h.

5. Kyankyaso (Blattella germanica)

Wannan shine ɗayan nau'ikan kyankyasai masu fuka -fuki, don haka yana da ikon tashi. Girmansa karami ne, da kyar ya kai tsayin 2 cm.

6. Arctic tern (Sterna paradise)

Arctic tern ko arctic tern ƙaramin tsuntsu ne (25-40 cm) wanda ya yi fice don balaguron ƙaurarsa, yana tafiya daga Arctic zuwa Antarctica kuma ya rufe fiye da kilomita 40,000.

7. Flamingo gama gari (Phoenicopterus roseus)

Flamingo na kowa shine ɗayan sanannun tsuntsaye masu ƙaura a duniya, saboda su dabbobi ne da ke tashi sama da nisa. Tana tafiya bisa wadatar abinci, kuma tana iya tafiya daga Yammacin Afirka zuwa Bahar Rum.

8. Ruwan Orange (Pantala flavescens)

Ana ɗaukar wannan nau'in mazari a matsayin kwari mai ƙaura wanda ke tafiya mafi nisa, yana kaiwa sama da kilomita 18,000.

9. Atlas asu (Attacus atlas)

Ita ce malam buɗe ido mafi girma a duniya, ta auna har zuwa 30 cm tare da buɗe fukafukanta. Tabbas, daidai saboda girmansa, jirginsa ya fi nauyi da sannu a hankali fiye da na ƙananan nau'ikan.

10. Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)

Tsuntsaye na dare tsuntsu ne da aka sani da kyakkyawar wakar sa, kuma wannan tsuntsu yana iya fitar da sautuna daban -daban, wanda yake koyo daga iyayenta yana watsawa ga yaran su.

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Dabbobi na Sama - Misalai da Halaye,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.