Wadatacce
- Bambanci tsakanin sarkar da gidan yanar gizo na abinci
- sarkar abinci na ruwa
- masu kera farko
- masu amfani na farko
- Masu amfani na sakandare
- manyan masu amfani
- Misalan sarkar abinci na ruwa
Akwai reshe na ilmin halitta, wanda ake kira synecology, wanda ke nazarin alaƙar da ke tsakanin tsirrai da al'ummomin mutane. A cikin ilimin likitanci, mun sami wani sashi wanda ke da alhakin nazarin alaƙar da ke tsakanin rayayyun halittu, gami da alaƙar abinci, waɗanda aka taƙaita a cikin sarkar abinci, kamar sarkar abinci na ruwa.
Synecology yayi bayanin cewa sarƙoƙin abinci shine hanyar da kuzari da ƙwayoyin cuta ke motsawa daga matakin samarwa zuwa wani, tare da la'akari da asarar makamashi, kamar numfashi. A cikin wannan labarin PeritoAnimal, zamuyi bayanin menene a sarkar abinci na ruwa, farawa da ma'anar sarkar abinci da gidan yanar gizo na abinci.
Bambanci tsakanin sarkar da gidan yanar gizo na abinci
Na farko, don fahimtar sarkakiyar sarkar abinci na ruwa, ya zama dole san bambance -bambance tsakanin sarkar abinci da gidajen abinci da abin da kowannensu ya kunsa.
Daya sarkar abinci yana nuna yadda kwayoyin halitta da kuzari ke motsawa a cikin yanayin halittu ta hanyar halittu daban -daban, a cikin layika kuma ba hanya madaidaiciya, koyaushe suna farawa da zama autotrophic wanda shine babban mai samar da kwayoyin halitta da kuzari, tunda yana da ikon canza kwayoyin halittu zuwa abubuwan da ba za a iya haɗa su da su ba, kamar canza hasken rana zuwa ATP (adenosine triphosphate, tushen kuzarin halittu masu rai). Al'amarin da kuzarin da halittun kera motoci suka kirkira zai wuce zuwa sauran heterotrophs ko masu siye, wanda zai iya zama masu amfani na farko, sakandare da manyan makarantu.
A gefe guda, a gidan yanar gizo na abinci ko gidan yanar gizo na abinci tsarin sarƙoƙi ne na abinci waɗanda ke da alaƙa, suna nuna motsi mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Cibiyoyin sadarwa na Trophic suna bayyana ainihin abin da ke faruwa a yanayi, saboda suna wakiltar alaƙa da yawa tsakanin rayayyun halittu.
sarkar abinci na ruwa
Tsarin asali na sarkar abinci ba ya bambanta da yawa tsakanin tsarin ƙasa da tsarin ruwa, ana samun mafi girman bambance -bambancen a matakin nau'in da adadin tarin halittun da ke tattare da shi, ya fi girma a cikin yanayin ƙasa. A ƙasa za mu ambaci wasu nau'in a cikin sarkar abinci na ruwa:
masu kera farko
A cikin sarkar abinci na ruwa, mun sami hakan masu kera farko sune algae, ko unicellular, kamar waɗanda ke cikin phyla Glaucophyta, rhodophyta kuma Chlorophyta, ko multicellular, na superphylum heterokonta, waɗanda algae ne da muke iya gani da ido tsirara akan rairayin bakin teku, da sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, zamu iya samun ƙwayoyin cuta a wannan matakin sarkar, da cyanobacteria, wanda kuma ke aiwatar da photosynthesis.
masu amfani na farko
Masu amfani na farko na sarkar abinci na ruwa galibi dabbobin ciyawa ne waɗanda ke ciyar da algae na microscopic ko macroscopic har ma da ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan matakin yawanci ya ƙunshi zooplankton da sauransu herbivorous kwayoyin.
Masu amfani na sakandare
Masu amfani da sakandare sun yi fice a matsayin dabbobi masu cin nama, suna ciyar da ƙananan dabbobin daji. Suna iya zama kifi, arthropods, tsuntsayen ruwa ko masu shayarwa.
manyan masu amfani
Masu amfani da manyan makarantu sune super masu cin nama, dabbobin da ke cin naman wasu masu cin nama, waɗanda ke samar da hanyar haɗin masu amfani da sakandare.
A cikin sarkar abinci, zamu iya ganin cewa kibiyoyi suna nuna alƙawarin da bai dace ba:
Misalan sarkar abinci na ruwa
akwai daban digiri na rikitarwa cikin sarkar abinci. Ga wasu misalai:
- Misalin farko na sarkar abinci na ruwa ya ƙunshi kira biyu. Wannan shine lamarin phytoplankton da kifayen. Phytoplankton shine babban mai samarwa kuma whales ne kawai mabukaci.
- Waɗannan nau'ikan kifayen suna iya yin sarkar kira uku idan suna ciyar da zooplankton maimakon phytoplankton. Don haka sarkar abinci zata yi kama da wannan: phytoplankton> zooplankton> kifi. Hanyar kibiyoyi tana nuna inda makamashi da kwayoyin halitta ke tafiya.
- A cikin tsarin ruwa da na ƙasa, kamar kogi, zamu iya samun sarkar hanyoyin haɗi huɗu: phytoplankton> molluscs of genus Lymnaea > barbels (kifi, barbashi ba)> launin toka (Cinérea Ardea).
- Misalin sarkar hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo guda biyar inda zamu iya ganin supercarnivore shine kamar haka: Phytoplankton> krill> sarki penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)> hatimin damisa (Hydrurga leptonyx)> orca (orcinus orca).
A cikin yanayin yanayin halitta, dangantaka ba ta da sauƙi. Ana yin sarkar abinci don sauƙaƙe alaƙar trophic don haka za mu iya fahimtar su da sauƙi, amma sarƙoƙin abinci mu'amala da juna a cikin hadaddun yanar gizo na gidajen abinci. Ofaya daga cikin misalan gidan yanar gizo na abinci na ruwa na iya zama zane mai zuwa, inda zamu iya ganin yadda aka haɗa sarkar abinci da kibiyoyi da yawa waɗanda ke nuna adadin yawan ma'amala abinci da kuzari yana gudana tsakanin halittu:
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu sarkar abinci na ruwa,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.