Nau'o'in Cat - Halaye da Misalai

Wadatacce

• Halayen Feline
• Azuzuwan cat
• Ire -iren kuliyoyin gaskiya
• Cats (Felis spp ba.)
• damisar damisa
• cougar da dangi
• Indo-Malayan kyanwa
• bobcats
• kyanwa ko damisa
• Caracal da dangi
• Nau'in Panther Cats
• panthers
• manyan kuliyoyi
• m felines
• damer hakori damisa
• sauran dabbobin da suka mutu

Gabaɗaya, mun sani a matsayin muna yiwa membobin dangin maraba (Felidae). Ana iya samun waɗannan dabbobin masu ban sha'awa a duk faɗin duniya, ban da a cikin yankuna na polar da kudu maso yammacin Oceania. A bayyane yake wannan gaskiya ne kawai idan muka ware cat na cikin gida (Felis katsina), wanda aka rarraba a duk faɗin duniya tare da taimakon ɗan adam.

Iyalin felid sun haɗa da zuriya 14 da nau'in 41 da aka bayyana. Kuna so ku sadu da su? A wannan yanayin, kar a rasa wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal game da daban -daban iri na kuliyoyi, siffofinsa da wasu misalai.

Halayen Feline

Duk nau'ikan felines ko felids suna da jerin halaye na gama gari waɗanda ke ba da damar haɗa su tare. Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikinsu:

• Dabbobi masu shayarwa mahaifa: jikinsu ya lulluɓe da gashi, suna haifar da ƙanƙararsu da aka riga aka ƙera su kuma suna ciyar da su da madarar da suka ɓoye ta ƙirjinsu.
• Masu cin nama: a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, namun daji suna cikin tsarin Carnivora. Kamar sauran membobin wannan tsari, kuliyoyin suna cin wasu dabbobin.
• jiki mai salo: Duk kuliyoyi suna da kamannin jiki iri ɗaya wanda ke ba su damar yin gudu cikin sauri. Suna da tsokoki masu ƙarfi da wutsiya waɗanda ke ba su babban daidaituwa. A kan kansa, gajeriyar bakinsa da kaifi mai kaifi suna fitowa.
• manyan faratu: Ka sami ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, waɗanda ke cikin ƙugi. Suna cire su kawai lokacin amfani da su.
• Girman m: nau'ikan kuliyoyi daban -daban na iya yin nauyi daga 1 kg, a cikin yanayin tsatsa (Prionailurus rubiginosus), har zuwa 300 kg, a cikin yanayin damisa (tiger panther).
• masu cin nama: duk wadannan dabbobin mafarauta ne sosai. Suna kama abin farautar su ta hanyar bin su ko kuma bin su.

Azuzuwan cat

A halin yanzu, akwai kawai biyu subfamilies na felids:

• Felinos gaskiya (Subfamily Felinae): ya haɗa da ƙananan da matsakaitan nau'in da ba za su iya ruri ba.
• GAtsohon (Pantherinae subfamily): ya haɗa da manyan kuliyoyi. Tsarin muryoyin su yana ba su damar yin ruri.

A cikin wannan labarin, muna yin bitar duk nau'ikan kuliyoyin da aka samu a cikin kowane rukunin.

Ire -iren kuliyoyin gaskiya

An san membobin dangin Felinidae a matsayin masoya na gaskiya. Yana game da 34 ƙananan ko matsakaitan nau'in. Babban bambancinsa da panther felines yana cikin sautin sa. Sautin muryoyin su yafi sauki fiye da na panther, shi yasa ba zai iya yin ruri na gaske ba. Duk da haka, suna iya yin kuskure.

A cikin wannan rukunin za mu iya samun nau'ikan feline daban -daban. Ƙungiyarsu ta dogara ne akan alakar su ta asali. Su ne kamar haka:

• Cats
• damisar damisa
• cougar da dangi
• Indo-Malayan kyanwa
• bobcats
• Damisa ko karen daji
• Caracal da dangi

Cats (Felis spp ba.)

kuliyoyi ne ke haifar da jinsi Felis, wanda ya haɗa da wasu daga cikin ƙananan jinsuna na kowane irin felines. A saboda wannan dalili, suna ciyar da dabbobin da aka rage girmansu, kamar beraye, tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu rarrafe da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Suna kuma yawan cin manyan kwari kamar fara.

Duk nau'ikan kyanwa na daji suna halin su farautar farauta da dare, godiya ga hangen nesa na dare sosai. An rarraba su ko'ina cikin Eurasia da Afirka, ban da karen gida (Felis katsina), dabbar da mutane suka zaɓa daga dabbar daji ta Afirka (F. lybica). Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya kasance tare da jinsin mu yayin da muke tafiya cikin nahiyoyi da tsibirai.

Jinsi Felis An kafa ta 6 nau'in:

• Jungle Cat ko Swamp Lynx (F. biy)
• Fushin fushi da baƙaƙen fata (nigripes)
• Desert ko Sahara cat (F. margarita)
• Kudancin hamada na China (F. bieti)
• Turai dutse cat (F. sylvestris)
• Kudancin Afirka (F. lybica)
• gida cat (F. katsina)

damisar damisa

Cats na damisa sune jinsin halittar. Prionailurus, ban da karen Manul (Jagorar Otocolobus). Duk sun bazu ko'ina cikin kudu maso gabashin Asiya da tsibirin Malay.

Waɗannan kuliyoyin ma ba dare ba ne, ko da yake sun bambanta da girmansu da halayensu. Daga cikin su akwai mafi ƙanƙanin nau'in kyanwa a duniya, wanda aka sani da tsatsa cat (P. rubiginosus). Yana girma kusan santimita 40. Kifi masunta shima yayi fice (P. viverinus), kudan zuma guda ɗaya wanda ya dogara da abincin sa akan cin kifi.

A cikin rukunin kuliyoyin damisa za mu iya samun nau'ikan masu zuwa:

• Manul ko Pallas Cat (Jagorar Otocolobus)
• Tsatsa na cat ko tsatsa mai fenti (Prionailurus rubiginosus)
• cat mai kan gado (P. planiceps)
• kamun kifi (P. viverinus)
• damisa cat (P. bengalensis)
• Dabbar damisa (P. javanensis)

cougar da dangi

A cikin wannan rukunin akwai nau'ikan 3 waɗanda, duk da bayyanar, suna da alaƙa ta asali:

• Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus)
• Moorish cat ko jaguarundi (herpaiurus yagouaroundi)
• Puma ko puma (Pco concolor)

Waɗannan nau'ikan guda uku sune wasu manyan nau'ikan kuliyoyi. Waɗannan su ne dabbobin daji masu saurin gaske halaye na rana. Damisa ta fi son yanayin bushewa da bushewa, inda take jiran abin da zai ci, kusa da hanyoyin ruwa. Cougar, duk da haka, ya fi yawa a manyan tsaunuka.

Idan ire -iren wadannan kuliyoyin sun yi fice ga wani abu, saboda saurin da za su iya samu ne, godiya ga su elongated da stylized jiki. Dabba mafi sauri a duniya ita ce cheetah, wacce ta fi 100 km/h cikin sauƙi. Wannan yana ba su damar farautar farautar su ta hanyar bi.

Indo-Malayan kyanwa

Waɗannan kuliyoyin suna ɗaya daga cikin nau'in nau'in kifin da ba a san su ba saboda ƙarancin su. Suna zaune a yankin Indo-Malay na kudu maso gabashin Asiya kuma ana nuna su da kyawun su na musamman da launin zinariya. Tsarin launirsu yana ba su damar haɗuwa tare da ganyen ƙasa da haushi na bishiyoyi.

A cikin wannan rukunin mun sami nau'ikan 3 ko nau'ikan kuliyoyi:

• Cat Marbled (marmorata pardofelis)
• Borneo ja cat (Cutar saniya)
• Kudancin Asiya (C. temminckii)

bobcats

'Yan bobcats (Lynx spp.) su ne matsakaiciyar ƙananai masu ƙyalli a jiki. Suna halin musamman yi gajeren wutsiya. Bugu da ƙari, suna da manyan kunnuwa masu nunin faifai, suna ƙarewa cikin baƙar fata. Wannan yana ba su babban ji wanda suke amfani da shi don gano abin da suke ci. Suna cin abinci galibi akan dabbobi masu matsakaicin matsakaici kamar zomaye ko lagomorph.

A cikin wannan nau'in felines an haɗa su 4 nau'in:

• Red Lynx na Amurka (L. rufus)
• Lynx Kanada (L. canadensis)
• Lynx na Eurasian (L. lynx)
• Yaren Iberian Lynx (L. pardinus)

kyanwa ko damisa

Yawanci mun sani a matsayin kuliyoyin daji da dabbobin jinsi Damisa. An rarraba su ko'ina cikin Kudanci da Tsakiyar Amurka, ban da Ocelot, wanda ke da yawan jama'a a Kudancin Arewacin Amurka.

Ire -iren wadannan kuli -kuli ana halinsu da samun duhu duhu a kan launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Girmansu matsakaici ne kuma suna cin dabbobin kamar su ossum da ƙananan birai.

A cikin wannan rukunin za mu iya samun nau'ikan masu zuwa:

• Andean cat cat na tsaunukan Andes (Yakubu L.)
• Ocelot ko Ocelot (L. sparrow)
• Maracajá ko Maracajá cat (L. wiedii)
• Haystack ko Pampas cat (L. launi)
• Kudancin Tiger Cat (L.guttulus)
• Cat Tiger na Arewa (L. tigrinus)
• Dabbar daji (L. geoffroyi)
• Kwallan Chile (L. gaskiya)

Caracal da dangi

A cikin wannan rukunin kuliyoyin an haɗa su 3 nau'in nasaba da asalin halitta:

• Bawa (Serval Leptailurus)
• Kwallon zinare na Afirka (aurata karacal)
• Karacal (C. karakal)

Duk ire -iren ire -iren wadannan garuruwa suna rayuwa a Afirka, ban da caracal, wanda kuma ake samu a kudu maso yammacin Asiya. Wannan da serval sun fi son yankunan bushe da hamada, yayin da kyan zinare na Afirka ke zaune a cikin gandun daji da aka rufe. Duk an san su masu satar dabbobi na matsakaitan dabbobi, musamman tsuntsaye da manyan beraye.

Nau'in Panther Cats

Panthers membobi ne na ƙananan Pantherinae. Waɗannan dabbobi masu cin nama sun bambanta da sauran nau'o'in kajin da ke wanzuwa ta hanyar samun dogayen kauri da ƙarfi. Tsarinsa yana ba su damar yi ruri na gaske. Kodayake shine babban sifar sa, wasu nau'in da zamu gani basa iya ruri.

Wannan ƙabilun ƙabilanci ba su da bambanci fiye da na baya, saboda yawancin nau'ikansa sun ƙare. A halin yanzu, zamu iya samun nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu:

• panthers
• manyan kuliyoyi

panthers

Kodayake galibi an san su da panthers, waɗannan dabbobin ba sa cikin nau'in halittar. panthera, amma don neofelis. Kamar yawancin kuliyoyin da muka gani, panthers suna zaune a Kudancin Asiya da Tsibirin Indo-Malayan.

Irin wannan kyanwar na iya girma zuwa girma mai girman gaske, ko da yake ba ta kai girman dangi mafi kusa ba. Ba su da asali. Hawa bishiyoyi don farautar dabbobin daji ko tsalle daga bishiyoyi don kama dabbobin ƙasa masu matsakaici.

Jinsi neofelis ya hada 2 nau'in sani:

• M Panther (N. nebula)
• Borneo Nebula PantherN. diardi)

manyan kuliyoyi

Membobin salo panthera su ne manyan nau'ikan kuliyoyi a duniya. Jikinsu mai ƙarfi, hakora masu kaifi da faratu masu ƙarfi suna ba su damar cin abinci akan manyan dabbobi kamar barewa, aladu na daji har ma da kada. Fada tsakanin na karshen da damisa (damisa), wanda shine mafi girma a duniya kuma yana iya kaiwa kilo 300, sun shahara sosai.

Kusan duk manyan kuliyoyi suna rayuwa a Afirka da Kudancin Asiya, inda zauna cikin savannah ko daji. Iyakar abin da kawai shine jaguar (P. ina): babbar cat a Amurka. Duk sanannu ne, sai dai damisar dusar ƙanƙara (P. unci) waɗanda ke zaune a cikin tsaunukan da ke nesa da tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya. Wannan ya faru ne saboda farin launi na musamman, wanda ke ba da damar yin kamanni a cikin dusar ƙanƙara.

cikin jinsi panthera za mu iya samun nau'ikan 5:

• Tiger (tiger panther)
• Jaguar ko damisa mai dusar ƙanƙara (panthera uncia)
• Yaren Jaguar (P. ina)
• Zaki (P. leo).
• Damisa ko panther (P. gafartawa)

m felines

Da alama a yau akwai nau'ikan kuliyoyi da yawa, duk da haka, a baya akwai ƙarin nau'in. A cikin wannan sashe, za mu yi muku ƙarin bayani game da nau'in cat ɗin da ya mutu.

damer hakori damisa

Damisa mai ciwon hakori shine mafi sananne ga duk dabbobin da suka mutu. Duk da sunansu, waɗannan dabbobin ba su da alaƙa da damisa ta yau. A zahiri, sun ƙunshi ƙungiyarsu: Machairodontinae na ƙaramin gida. Duk an sifanta su da samun manyan hakora daga bakinsu.

An rarraba haƙoran Sabre kusan a duk faɗin duniya. Dabbobi na ƙarshe sun ɓace a ƙarshen Pleistocene, kusan shekaru 10,000 da suka gabata. Kamar kuliyoyin yau, waɗannan dabbobin suna da girma dabam dabam, kodayake wasu nau'in na iya samun ya kai kilo 400. Al'amarin ne na Smilodon populator, wani saber hakori na kudancin Amurka.

Sauran misalan machairodontinae felines sune:

• Machairodus aphanistus
• Megantereon Cultridens
• latotens na homotherium
• Smilodon fatalis

sauran dabbobin da suka mutu

Baya ga machairodontinae, akwai wasu nau'o'in naman alade da yawa da suka ɓace. Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikinsu:

• guntun fuska (martini pratifelis)
• karen martellis (Felis lunensis)
• Jaguar Turai (Panthera gombaszoegensis)
• damisar amurka (Miracinonyx trumani)
• katon damisa (Acinonyx pardinensis)
• uwa panther (cougar pardoides)
• tuscan zaki (Tuscan Panthera)
• tiger longdan (Panthera. zdanskyi)

Yawancin gandun daji ko irin dabbobin da ke wanzu a yanzu ma sun ƙare. Wannan shine lamarin zaki na Amurka (Panthera leo atrox) ko damisar Java (Binciken Panthera tigris). wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance bace a cikin shekarun da suka gabata sakamakon asarar muhallinsu da farautar da mutane ke nuna musu wariya. Sabili da haka, yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan yanzu da nau'in su ma suna cikin haɗari.

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Nau'o'in Cat - Halaye da Misalai,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.