Nau'in murjani: halaye da misalai

Mawallafi: Peter Berry
Ranar Halitta: 11 Yuli 2021
Sabuntawa: 21 Satumba 2024
Anonim
Nau'in murjani: halaye da misalai - Dabbobin Dabbobi
Nau'in murjani: halaye da misalai - Dabbobin Dabbobi

Wadatacce

Abu ne na al'ada cewa, lokacin da ake tunani game da kalmar murjani, hoton dabbobin Babbar Barrier Reef ya zo cikin tunani, tunda ba tare da waɗannan dabbobin da za su iya ƙirƙirar ƙoshin ƙwallon ƙasan ba, ba za su wanzu ba. akwai da yawa iri murjani, gami da nau'ikan murjani mai taushi. Amma kun san nau'ikan murjani iri -iri? A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal za mu bayyana menene nau'ikan murjani da kuma wasu abubuwan ban sha'awa game da su. Ci gaba da karatu!

Halaye na murjani

Murjani na cikin phylum Cnidaria, kamar jellyfish. Yawancin nau'ikan murjani an rarrabe su a cikin rukunin Anthozoa, kodayake akwai wasu a cikin aji na Hydrozoa. Hydrozoan ne ke haifar da kwarangwal na limestone, wanda ake kira murjani na wuta saboda cizon su yana da haɗari kuma suna cikin ɓangaren murjani reefscan.


Akwai da yawa nau'ikan murjani na ruwa, da kusan nau'ikan 6,000. Yana yiwuwa a sami nau'ikan murjani mai wuya, waɗanda sune waɗanda ke da exoskeleton calcareous, yayin da wasu ke da kwarangwal mai ƙarfi, wasu kuma ba su ma samar da kwarangwal a cikin kansu, amma suna da spikes da aka saka a cikin fata na fata, wanda ke kare su . Yawancin murjani suna rayuwa a cikin tsinkaye tare da zooxanthellae (algae photosynthetic albio) wanda ke ba su yawancin abincin su.

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan dabbobin suna rayuwa a ciki manyan yankuna, da sauransu a cikin hanyar kadaitaka. Suna da tabo a bakin su wanda ke ba su damar kama abincin da ke yawo a cikin ruwa. Kamar ciki, suna da rami tare da nama da ake kira gastrodermis, wanda zai iya zama mai ɗorewa ko kuma tare da nematocysts (ƙwayoyin tsoka kamar jellyfish) da pharynx da ke magana da ciki.


Yawancin nau'ikan murjani suna yin reefs, suna da alaƙa tare da zooxanthellae, wanda aka sani da murjani na hermatypic. Corals da ba su samar da reefs na nau'in ahermatypic ne. Wannan shine rarrabuwa da aka yi amfani da shi don sanin nau'ikan murjani iri -iri. Corals na iya haifar da jinsi ta amfani da dabaru daban -daban, amma kuma suna aiwatar da haifuwa ta jima'i.

Menene aikin murjani?

Corals suna da muhimmiyar aiki yayin da suke da yanayin ƙasa tare da babban rayayyun halittu. A cikin ayyukan murjani akwai tace ruwa don samar da abincin su, kuma suna zama mafaka ga abincin yawancin kifaye. Bugu da ƙari, suna gida ga nau'ikan nau'ikan crustaceans, kifi da molluscs. suna karkashin hadarin karewa saboda sauyin yanayi, gurbata yanayi da kamun kifi ba bisa ka’ida ba.


Coral hermatypic: bayani da misalai

Kai murjani hermatypic sune nau'ikan murjani masu wuya waɗanda ke da dutsen exoskeleton mai ƙarfi wanda aka samu ta hanyar carbonate carbonate. Irin wannan murjani shine barazanar barazana ta abin da ake kira "murjani murjani". Launin waɗannan murjani ya fito ne daga alaƙar alaƙa da zooxanthellae.

Wadannan microalgae, babban tushen makamashi don murjani, ana fuskantar barazana saboda karuwar zafin jiki a cikin tekuna sakamakon canje -canjeyanayi, yawan hasken rana da wasu cututtuka. Lokacin da zooxanthellae ya mutu, murjani murƙushewa ya mutu, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ɗaruruwan murjani na murjani sun ɓace. Wasu misalai na murjani mai wuya sune:

Nau'in murjani: jinsi acropora ko murjani antler murjani:

  • Acropora cervicornis;
  • Acropora palmata;
  • Acropora yana yaduwa.

Nau'in murjani: jinsi Agaricia ko lebur murjani:

  • Agaricia undata;
  • Agaricia fragilis;
  • Agaricia tenuifolia.

Nau'o'in murjani: murjani na kwakwalwa, na nau'ikan daban -daban:

  • Clivosa Diploria;
  • Colpophyllia natans;
  • Diploria labyrinthiformis.

Nau'in murjani: Hydrozoa ko murjani na wuta:

  • Millepora alcicornis;
  • Stylaster roseus;
  • Millepora squarrosa.

Murjani na Ahermatypic: bayani da misalai

Babban fasalin murjani ahermatypic shine su kar ku sami kwarangwal na limestone, kodayake suna iya kafa alaƙar alaƙa da zooxanthellae. Don haka, ba su yin murjani na murjani, duk da haka, suna iya yin mulkin mallaka.

The 'yan gorgoni, wanda kwarangwal ɗinsa ya samo asali ne daga wani sinadarin furotin da suka ɓoye da kansu. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin nama mai nama akwai spicules, waɗanda ke ba da tallafi da kariya.

Nau'o'in murjani: wasu nau'in Gorgonia

  • Ellisella elongata;
  • Iridigorgia sp;
  • Acanella sp.

A cikin Bahar Rum da Tekun Atlantika, ana iya samun wani irin murjani mai taushi, a cikin wannan yanayin subclass Octocorallia, hannun matattu (Alcyonium palmatum). Ƙaramin murjani mai taushi wanda ke zaune a kan duwatsu. Sauran murjani masu taushi, kamar na nau'in halittar Capnella, suna da daidaiton arboreal, suna fitowa daga babban ƙafa.

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Nau'in murjani: halaye da misalai,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.