Wadatacce
- Halayen karkanda
- Rhino ciyarwa
- inda karkanda ke rayuwa
- Nau'o'in Rhinoceros
- Farin karkanda
- rhino baki
- Rhinoceros na Indiya
- Rhino na Java
- Rataye na Sumatran
- Matsayin kiyaye karkanda
Rhinoceros wani bangare ne mafi girma na mambobi a duniya kuma yawanci nauyi fiye da ton. Kodayake tare da wasu bambance -bambancen tsakanin nau'in jinsin da wani, da alama suna ba da kayan yaƙi wanda, tare da kasancewar ƙaho ɗaya ko biyu, yana ba su kamannin su na musamman. Gabaɗaya dabbobi ne masu keɓewa da yanki, suna taruwa ne kawai don haifuwa ko lokacin da mace ta riƙe zuri'arta kusa da ita har sai sun sami 'yanci.
Duk da ƙarfin su da gaskiyar cewa yawancin nau'ikan ba sa zaman lafiya (a zahiri, suna ba da amsa da ƙarfi ga duk wata hanya), karkanda sun kasance nau'in da yawa. cikin haɗari, har ma bace a yankuna daban -daban na duniya.
Don ƙarin koyo game da waɗannan manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa, muna gayyatar ku don karanta wannan labarin na PeritoAnimal inda zaku sami bayanai game da su. karkanda - iri, halaye da mazauni.
Halayen karkanda
Kodayake kowane nau'in karkanda yana da halaye na musamman waɗanda ke ba da damar rarrabewa, akwai wasu fasalulluka na gama gari tsakanin ƙungiyoyi daban -daban., wanda za mu sani a ƙasa:
- Rarraba: Rhinos suna cikin tsarin Perissodactyla, ƙaramin reshen Ceratomorphs, da dangin Rhinocerotidae.
- Yatsun hannu: kasancewar wani nau'in perissodactyl, suna da adadin yatsu mara kyau, a cikin wannan yanayin uku, tsakiyar shine mafi haɓaka, wanda ke zama babban tallafi. Duk yatsun kafa suna ƙarewa cikin ramuka.
- Nauyi: Rhinoceros yana isa ga manyan jikin mutum, yana auna matsakaicin aƙalla 1,000 kg. Lokacin haihuwa, gwargwadon nau'in, suna iya auna tsakanin 40 zuwa 65 kg.
- Fata: suna da fatar jiki mai kauri sosai, wanda aka kafa ta saitin kyallen takarda ko yarukan collagen waɗanda, gaba ɗaya, suna auna har zuwa 5 cm a kauri.
- Kakakin: ƙaho na karkanda ba tsawa ce ta kwanyar sa ba, don haka ba shi da mahaɗan ƙashi. Anyi shi ne daga jikin keratin fibrous, wanda zai iya girma dangane da jima'i da shekarun dabba.
- Gani: karkanda suna da rashin hangen nesa, wanda ba haka bane ga wari da ji, wanda suke amfani da shi zuwa mafi girma.
- Tsarin narkewa: suna da tsarin narkewar abinci mai sauƙi, wanda ba a raba shi zuwa ɗakuna, don haka narkewar abinci ana yin shi bayan ciki a cikin babban hanji da cecum (farkon ɓangaren babban hanji).
Rhino ciyarwa
Abincin Rhinoceros kayan lambu ne na musamman, don haka su dabbobi masu kiwo ne, waɗanda dole ne su cinye babban abun cikin kayan lambu don ci gaba da manyan jikinsu. Kowane nau'in karkanda yana da fifiko ga wani nau'in abinci, wasu ma zai sare bishiyoyi don cinye ganyensa koren ganye.
O Farin karkanda, alal misali, yana da fifiko ga ciyawa ko tsire-tsire marasa tushe, ganye, tushe kuma, idan akwai, na iya haɗawa da ƙananan tsire-tsire na itace. Bakin karkanda, a gefe guda, yana ciyarwa musamman akan bishiyoyi, ganye da ƙananan rassan bishiyoyi. Rhinoceros na Indiya yana ciyar da ciyayi, ganye, rassan bishiyoyi, tsire -tsire na kogi, 'ya'yan itatuwa da wasu lokutan har ma da amfanin gona.
Rhinoceros na Javan yana da ikon sare bishiyoyi don cin gajiyar ƙaramin ganye kuma yana ciyar da shuke -shuke iri -iri, godiya ga samuwar su a cikin mazaunin wannan nau'in. Hakanan ya haɗa da cin 'ya'yan itace da suka faɗi. Game da Rataye na Sumatran, ya dogara da abincinsa akan ganyayyaki, rassa, haushi, iri da ƙananan bishiyoyi.
inda karkanda ke rayuwa
Kowane nau'in karkanda yana rayuwa a wani mazaunin musamman wanda zai dogara da yanki ko ƙasar da yake, kuma zai iya rayuwa a cikin wurare masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi. A cikin wannan ma'anar, farin karkanda, wanda ke zaune da yawa daga arewacin da kudancin Afirka, galibi ana rarraba shi a cikin wuraren bushewar savanna, kamar wuraren kiwo, ko a cikin savannah na itace.
Ana kuma samun karkanda baƙar fata a Afirka, tare da ƙaramin yawan jama'a ko wataƙila sun ƙare a ƙasashe kamar Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe da Mozambique, da kuma muhallin halittu wanda a kullum yake rayuwa a wurare masu bushewa da ƙeƙashe.
Dangane da karkanda na Indiya, a baya yana da faffadan fa'ida wanda ya haɗa da ƙasashe kamar Pakistan da China, duk da haka, saboda matsin lamba na ɗan adam da canjin mazaunin, yanzu an iyakance shi zuwa wuraren ciyawa da gandun daji a Nepal, Assam da Indiya, har ma da da ƙananan tuddai a cikin Himalayas.
Rhinoceros na Javan, yana zaune a cikin gandun daji, filayen laka da tuddai. Kodayake sun taɓa yaɗuwa a Asiya, a yau ƙaramin yawan jama'a an taƙaita shi ga tsibirin Java. Za a iya samun rhinoceros na Sumatran, tare da rage yawan jama'a (kusan mutane 300) a cikin tsaunuka na Malacca, Sumatra da Borneo.
Nau'o'in Rhinoceros
A cikin tarihin tarihin duniya, an sami rhinos iri -iri, duk da haka, yawancin su sun lalace. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan karkanda guda biyar a duniya an haɗa su cikin nau'o'i huɗu. Bari mu san su sosai:
Farin karkanda
Farin karkanda (sinadarin keratotherium) nasa ne da jinsin Ceratotherium kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan karkanda. Zai iya wuce fiye da Tsawon mita 4 da tsayin mita 2, tare da nauyin tan 4 ko fiye.
Launinsa launin toka ne kuma yana da ƙaho biyu. Bakinsa lalatacce ne kuma babban lebe mai kauri, wanda ya dace da abincinku a cikin savanna ciyayi.
An gane nau'o'i biyu na farin karkanda: fararen karkanda na arewa (Ceratotherium simum auduga) da kudancin farin karkanda (keratotherium simum simum). Koyaya, nau'in farko ya mutu a zahiri. A halin yanzu, farin karkanda yana cikin rukunin "kusan barazanar barazana", bayan murmurewa daga rukunin" kusan ƙarewa "saboda mummunan farautar da ta sha wahala shekaru da yawa kafin ta sami ƙaho.
rhino baki
Bakin karkanda (Diceros yayi magana) wani nau'in mallakar dangin Diceros ne. Hakanan asalin savannah ne na Afirka, amma launinsa yana da launin toka mai duhu kuma ya yi ƙasa da farin karkanda. An nuna bakinsa da sifar baki, an daidaita shi don ya iya ciyar da kai tsaye akan ganyayyaki da rassan bishiyoyin.. Wannan nau'in ya kai matsakaicin tsayi na mita 1.5 tare da tsawon sama da mita 3, yana auna, a matsakaita, tan 1.4.
Babu wani ijma'i a kan yawan rabe -raben karkanda da ake da su, wanda aka fi sani shi ne a ce akwai tsakanin hudu zuwa takwas. Koyaya, wasu daga cikin waɗanda aka gane sun ƙare. An lissafa baƙar fata na rhinoceros a matsayin "da hatsarin gaske’.
Rhinoceros na Indiya
Rhinoceros na Indiya (Rhinoceros unicornis) mallakar na Rhinoceros ne, tsayinsa ya kai mita 3 kuma kusan kusan mita 2, kuma yana da ƙaho ɗaya. Fatarsa launin ruwan kasa ne mai launin siliki kuma narkakken fatarsa yana ba da alama na makamai masu kariya a jikin ku.
Wani fasali na musamman na Rhinoceros na Indiya shine ikon yin iyo, zai iya ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a cikin ruwa fiye da sauran nau'ikan karkanda. A gefe guda kuma, an lasafta shi a matsayin "mai rauni", saboda an kuma yi farautar sa don amfani da kahonsa a cikin al'adun gargajiya da ƙirƙirar abubuwa kamar wuƙa.
Rhino na Java
Rhinoceros na Java (Rhinoceros sonoicus) Har ila yau yana cikin jinsin Rhinoceros kuma an lissafa shi azaman "jinsin da ke cikin haɗari", kasancewar yana dab da halaka. A zahiri, 'yan tsirarun mutanen da suka rage suna cikin yankin kariya na tsibirin.
Waɗannan dabbobin suna iya auna kusan mita 3 a tsayi kuma kusan tsayin mita 2, tare da nauyin da zai iya wucewa 2 tan. Maza suna da ƙaho ɗaya, yayin da mata ke da ƙaramin ƙira. Launinsa yana kama da na karkanda na Indiya - launin ruwan azurfa - amma ba shi da ƙarfi.
Rataye na Sumatran
Rataye na Sumatran (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) shine mafi ƙanƙancin rhinoceros da ke wanzu kuma nau'in sa ya yi daidai da Dicerorhinus, kasancewar wanda ke da fasali fiye da sauran. Yana da kaho biyu da gashi fiye da sauran.
Maza suna auna kaɗan kaɗan fiye da mita, yayin da mata ke auna ƙasa da wancan da matsakaicin nauyin shine kilo 800. Farautar farautar namun daji ya sa ake ganin karkanda na Sumatran a matsayin nau'in "hatsarin gaske", saboda shi ma ya shahara da shahararrun imani game da fa'idojin da yake da shi a cututtuka daban -daban.
Matsayin kiyaye karkanda
kamar yadda, gaba ɗaya, dukkan nau'in karkanda suna cikin hatsarin halaka, rayuwarsu ta dogara ne akan ƙaruwa da matsi na matakan kiyayewa; in ba haka ba, bacewa za ta kasance hanyar kowa ga kowa.
Ya zama tilas a sake nazarin shahararrun imani, saboda duk da kasancewa siffofin bayyana al'adu, babu ɗayansu da ke da inganci.da yin barazana ga rayuwar dabbobi, wanda a lokuta da dama yakan sa su bace gaba daya. Tabbas, wannan aiki ne wanda waɗanda ke ƙirƙira da amfani da dokoki a yankuna daban -daban na duniya za su ɗauka.
A cikin wannan labarin za ku iya sanin wasu dabbobin da mutum ya mutu.
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Rhinoceroses: nau'ikan, halaye da mazauninsu,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.