Wadatacce
- Banana Spider (Phoneutria nigriventer)
- Tityus Kunama
- Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus)
- Cai Alligator (Melanosuchus niger)
- Me yasa (Electrophorus electricus)
- Northern Jararaca (Bothrops atrox)
- Amazon piranhas
- tofa
- gyaran tururuwa
- sabbin hanyoyin ruwa
- Jaguar (Panthera onca)
Amazon shine mafi girman daji na wurare masu zafi a duniya, yana cikin ƙasashe 9 na Kudancin Amurka. A cikin gandun daji na Amazon yana yiwuwa a sami wadataccen fauna da tsirrai, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake ɗaukarsa tsattsarkar mahalli na yawancin nau'ikan musamman. An kiyasta cewa a cikin Amazon yana rayuwa fiye da nau'ikan dabbobi 1500, da yawa daga cikinsu suna cikin haɗarin halaka.
Kowace dabba tana jawo hankali don dalilai na musamman, ko don kyawu, hali ko rarrabuwa.Wasu nau'ikan Amazonian ana gane su kuma ana jin tsoron ƙarfin su da haɗarin su. Yana da kyau a lura cewa babu dabbar da ke mugunta ta dabi'a, kamar yadda ake ji a wasu yanayi. Suna da tsarin farauta da kariya wanda zai iya sa su zama masu mutuwa ga mutane da sauran mutanen da ke barazana ga zaman lafiyarsu ko mamaye yankinsu. A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal, zamu taƙaita wasu abubuwan ban mamaki game da dabbobin 11 masu haɗari na Amazon.
Banana Spider (Phoneutria nigriventer)
Wannan nau'in gizo -gizo yana cikin gidan Ctenidae kuma ana la'akari da shi, ta masana da yawa, kamar daya daga cikin gizo -gizo mafi hatsari da mutuwa a duniya. Duk da cewa gaskiya ne cewa wannan nau'in jinsin Phoneutria phera, wanda kuma yana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan Kudancin Amurka, yana da dafi mai guba, amma kuma gaskiya ne cewa gizo -gizo na ayaba su ne masu faɗa. mafi yawan adadin cizo a cikin mutane. Wannan ya faru ne ba kawai don ƙarin tashin hankali ba har ma da halayen synanthropic. Galibi suna zaune ne a gonakin ayaba kuma ana iya samunsu a tashoshin jiragen ruwa da cikin birni, wannan shine dalilin da yasa suke yawan hulɗa da ɗan adam, musamman ma'aikatan aikin gona.
Gizo -gizo ne mai girman gaske da kamanni mai ban sha'awa, wanda manyan samfuran sa galibi suna mamaye duk saman tafin mutum. Suna da manyan idanu biyu na gaba da ƙananan idanu guda biyu waɗanda ke gefen kowane kauri mai kauri. Dogon hakora masu ƙarfi suna jan hankali kuma suna ba ku damar yin sauƙi da allurar guba don karewa ko lalata abin da ake ci.
Tityus Kunama
A Kudancin Amurka akwai fiye da nau'in nau'in kunama na 100 Tityus. Kodayake 6 kawai daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan masu guba ne, cizon su kashe kusan mutum 30 kowace shekara kawai a arewacin Brazil, saboda haka, sun zama wani ɓangare na jerin dabbobin haɗari a cikin Amazon da guba ma. Waɗannan hare -hare akai -akai sun dace da babban daidaitawar kunama a cikin birane, yin hulɗa da mutane a kullun.
kunama Tityus Poisons suna da dafi mai ƙarfi a cikin gland bulbous, wanda zasu iya yin allurar ta hanyar mai lankwasa a cikin wutsiyarsu. Da zarar an yi allura a jikin wani, abubuwan neurotoxic a cikin dafin suna haifar da inna kusan nan take kuma suna iya haifar da bugun zuciya ko bugun numfashi. Yana da tsarin tsaro amma kuma kayan aikin farauta mai ƙarfi.
Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus)
Shahararren anaconda koren maciji ne mai taƙaddama wanda ya mamaye kogunan Amazon, yana haɗa dangin boas. Wannan nau'in maciji ne da aka sani da ɗayan mafi nauyi, tunda samfurin irin wannan macijin zai iya isa nauyi 220 kg, akwai takaddama kan ko ita ce babba a cikinsu. Wancan saboda Python mai haɗin giciye (Python reticulatus) yawanci yana da 'yan santimita fiye da anaconda kore, duk da nauyin jikin ya yi ƙasa kaɗan.
Duk da mummunan suna da aka samu a yawancin fina -finan da ke ɗauke da sunansu, koren anacondas da wuya su kai hari ga mutane, tunda mutane basa cikin sarkar trophic. Ina nufin, koren anaconda baya kaiwa mutane hari don abinci. Ƙananan hare -haren anaconda akan mutane suna da kariya lokacin da dabbar ke jin barazana ta wata hanya. A zahirin gaskiya, macizai gabaɗaya suna da halaye na annashuwa fiye da na masu tashin hankali. Idan za su iya tserewa ko ɓoyewa don adana makamashi da guje wa faɗa, tabbas za su yi.
Gano macizai mafi dafi a Brazil a cikin wannan labarin na PeritoAnimal.
Cai Alligator (Melanosuchus niger)
Wani kuma a cikin jerin dabbobin haɗari a cikin Amazon shine alligator-açu. Yana da nau'in jinsi Melanosuchus wanda ya tsira. Jiki na iya auna har zuwa mita 6 a faɗinsa kuma yana da kusan launin baƙar fata koyaushe, kasancewa cikin manyan kada. Bayan kasancewa mai kyau ninkaya, alligator-açu kuma mafarauci ne mai kaifin basira da basira., tare da jaws masu ƙarfi sosai. Abinci ya fito daga ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye da kifi zuwa manyan dabbobi irin su barewa, birai, kaifirai da boar daji.
Me yasa (Electrophorus electricus)
Eels na lantarki suna da sunaye da yawa a cikin mashahuran al'adu. Mutane da yawa suna rikita su da macizai na ruwa, amma eel wani nau'in kifin ne na dangi Gymnotidae. A haƙiƙa, ita ce nau'in jinsi na musamman, tare da ƙarin halaye na musamman.
Ba tare da wata shakka ba, wanda aka fi sani, kuma wanda aka fi jin tsoronsa, halayen waɗannan ƙyallen shine ikon watsa hanyoyin lantarki daga cikin jiki zuwa waje. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda kwayoyin waɗannan eels ɗin suna da tarin sel na musamman waɗanda ke ba su damar fitar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi har zuwa 600 W (ƙarfin lantarki sama da kowane tashar da kuke da ita a cikin gidan ku) kuma, saboda wannan dalili, suna la'akari kansu ɗayan dabbobi masu haɗari daga Amazon. Eels suna amfani da wannan ƙwarewar ta musamman don kare kansu, farauta farauta da kuma sadarwa tare da sauran eels.
Northern Jararaca (Bothrops atrox)
Daga cikin macizai masu dafi a cikin Amazon, yakamata ku sami Arewacin Jararaca, nau'in da ya kai hare -hare masu yawan gaske akan mutane. An bayyana waɗannan adadin ƙyanƙyashe na cizon ɗan adam ba kawai ta yanayin halayen maciji ba, har ma da babban yanayin daidaitawa zuwa wuraren da ake zaune. Duk da rayuwarsu a cikin dazuzzuka, ana amfani da wadannan macizai don nemo abinci mai yawa a kusa da birane da yawan jama'a, kamar yadda sharar dan adam ke jan hankalin beraye, kadangare, tsuntsaye da sauransu.
Manyan macizai ne cewa iya isa mita 2 a faɗi. Ana samun samfura a cikin launin ruwan kasa, koren kore ko launin toka, tare da ratsi ko tabo. Waɗannan macizai sun yi fice don tasirinsu da babban dabarun farauta. Godiya ga gabobin da aka sani da ramin rami, wanda ke tsakanin hancin da idanu, suna iya gano zafin jikin dabbobi masu ɗumi-ɗumi. Bayan gano kasancewar abin farauta, wannan maciji ya bazu a cikin ganyayyaki, rassan da sauran abubuwan da ke cikin hanyar sannan ya jira cikin haƙuri har sai ya gane ainihin lokacin da zai kai hari. Kuma ba kasafai suke yin kuskure ba.
Amazon piranhas
Kalmar piranha ana amfani da ita sosai don bayyana nau'ikan kifaye masu cin nama waɗanda ke zaune a cikin kogunan Amazon. Piranhas, wanda kuma ake kira "caribs" a cikin Venezuela, na cikin babban iyali Serrasalminae, wanda kuma ya qunshi wasu nau'o'in tsirrai. Waɗannan su ne mafarautan da ba a san su ba hakora masu kaifi sosai da babban ci mai cin nama, kasancewa wani cikin dabbobi masu haɗari na Amazon. Koyaya, ƙananan kifaye ne waɗanda galibi suna auna tsakanin santimita 15 zuwa 25, duk da cewa an yi rijistar samfuran tare da faɗin sama da santimita 35. Dabbobi ne da za su iya cinye dukkan tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin mintuna kaɗan kamar yadda galibi suke kaiwa hari gaba ɗaya, amma piranhas ba sa kai farmaki ga mutane kuma ba su da ƙarfi kamar yadda aka ruwaito a cikin fina -finai.
tofa
Lokacin magana dendrobatidae suna nufin iyali ne ba wai kawai jinsin ba. babban iyali dendrobatidae wanda yake da alaka da iyali Aromobatidae kuma ya ƙunshi nau'ikan fiye da 180 na anuran amphibians waɗanda aka fi sani da suna kiban kibiya ko guba mai guba. Waɗannan dabbobin ana ɗaukar su a cikin Kudancin Amurka da wani ɓangare na Amurka ta Tsakiya, galibi suna zaune a cikin dajin Amazon. A fatarsu suna ɗauke da wani guba mai ƙarfi da ake kira batrachotoxin, wanda Indiyawan kan yi amfani da su a kan kibiya don kawo saurin mutuwa ga dabbobin da suke farautar abinci da ma abokan gaba waɗanda suka mamaye yankinsu.
irin dendrobatidae Ana ɗauka azaman mafi guba a cikin Amazon shine Phyllobates terribilis. Waɗannan amphibians masu launin rawaya suna da ƙananan faifai a ƙafafunsu, don haka za su iya tsayawa tsayin daka kan tsirrai da rassan gandun dajin Amazon mai danshi. An kiyasta cewa ƙaramin kashi na dafin su na iya kashe mutane 1500, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa waɗannan kwadi masu kibiyar ke cikin dabbobi masu guba a duniya.
gyaran tururuwa
Tururuwa na sojoji yana ɗaya daga cikin dabbobi masu haɗari a cikin Amazon, suna iya zama ƙanana amma wadannan nau'in tururuwa mafarauta ne marasa gushewa, waɗanda ke da jaws masu ƙarfi da kaifi. An fi sanin su da tururuwa na soja ko tururuwa masu jaruntaka saboda yadda suke kai hari. Marabunta legionnaires ba sa kai hari kai kaɗai, amma a kira babban rukuni don harba ganima fiye da nasu. A halin yanzu, wannan nomenclature ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ta keɓanta nau'ikan sama da 200 waɗanda ke da asali daban -daban na dangi Tururuwa. A cikin gandun dajin Amazon, sojan tururuwa na dangin dangi sun fi yawa Ecitoninae.
Ta wurin tsutsa, waɗannan tururuwa suna allurar ƙananan ƙwayoyin guba mai guba wanda ke raunana kuma yana narkar da kyallen abin da suke ci. Ba da daɗewa ba, suna amfani da jaws masu ƙarfi don datse dabbar da aka yanka, suna ba su damar ciyar da kansu da kuma tsutsotsin su. Sabili da haka, an san su a matsayin mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mafi yawan farauta a cikin duka Amazon.
Ba kamar yawancin tururuwa ba, tururuwa sojoji ba sa yin gida idan ba sa ɗaukar tsutsa kuma suna kafa sansanin wucin gadi inda suke samun wadataccen abinci da mafaka mai kyau.
sabbin hanyoyin ruwa
Freshwater stingrays ne wani ɓangare na neotropical kifin halittar da ake kira Potamotrygon, wanda ke da nau'ikan 21 da aka sani. Suna zaune a duk nahiyar Afirka ta Kudu (ban da Chile), ana samun mafi girman bambancin nau'in a cikin kogin Amazon. Waɗannan stingrays masu ɓarna ne waɗanda, da bakinsu suka makale a cikin laka, tsutsotsi sashe, katantanwa, ƙananan kifi, limpets da sauran dabbobin ruwa don abinci.
Gabaɗaya, waɗannan stingrays suna yin rayuwa mai nutsuwa a cikin kogunan Amazon. Koyaya, lokacin da suke jin barazanar, suna iya haifar da dabarun kare kai mai haɗari. Daga wutsiyarsa ta muscular, da yawa da kankanin kashin baya suna fitowa, wanda galibi ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyiya yake rufe shi da dafin mai ƙarfi. Lokacin da dabbar ta ji barazana ko ta hango wani abin ban sha'awa a cikin ƙasarta, kashin da ke rufe da dafi ya tsaya, stingray ɗin yana wutsiya wutsiyarsa kuma yana amfani da shi azaman bulala don kawar da masu farauta. Wannan guba mai ƙarfi yana lalata fata da tsokar nama, yana haifar da matsanancin zafi, wahalar numfashi, murƙushe tsoka da lalacewar mahimman gabobi kamar kwakwalwa, huhu da zuciya. Don haka, stingrays na ruwa mai ruwa suna zama wani ɓangare na dabbobi masu haɗari daga Amazon da ma guba.
Jaguar (Panthera onca)
Daya dabba a kan jerin dabbobi masu haɗari daga Amazon jaguar, wanda kuma aka sani da jaguar, ita ce mafi girman dabbar da ke zaune a nahiyar Amurka kuma ta uku mafi girma a duniya (bayan kawai damisar bengal da zaki). Bugu da ƙari, ita kaɗai ce daga cikin sanannun nau'in halittu huɗu. panthera wanda za a iya samu a Amurka. Duk da cewa ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin dabba mai wakiltar Amazon, jimillar yawanta ya karu daga matsanancin kudancin Amurka zuwa arewacin Argentina, gami da yawancin Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
Kamar yadda zamu iya tunanin, shine a babba mai cin nama wanda yayi fice a matsayin gwani mafarauci. Abinci ya haɗa da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa zuwa manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe. Abin takaici, yana daya daga cikin dabbobin da ke cikin hatsarin halaka. A zahiri, kusan an kawar da yawan jama'a daga yankin Arewacin Amurka kuma an rage shi ko'ina cikin yankin Kudancin Amurka. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙirƙirar wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa a cikin yankunan gandun daji sun haɗu tare da adana wannan nau'in kuma don sarrafa farautar wasanni. Duk da wakiltar ɗayan dabbobi mafi haɗari a cikin Amazon, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun halittu kuma, kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, yana cikin haɗari saboda ayyukan ɗan adam.
Ƙara koyo game da dabbobin daji a cikin wannan labarin PeritoAnimal.
