Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon - Hotuna da abubuwan banza

Mawallafi: John Stephens
Ranar Halitta: 22 Janairu 2021
Sabuntawa: 20 Nuwamba 2024
Anonim
Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon - Hotuna da abubuwan banza - Dabbobin Dabbobi
Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon - Hotuna da abubuwan banza - Dabbobin Dabbobi

Wadatacce

Amazon shine mafi girman gandun daji na wurare masu zafi a duniya kuma yana mamaye kusan 40% na duk ƙasar Brazil. Cibiyar Labarai da Ƙididdiga ta Brazil ta biyu (IBGE), akwai 4,196,943 km² a Brazil kadai, yana ƙaruwa ta jihohin Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Roraima, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Maranhão da Tocantins.

Hakanan yana nan a cikin wasu ƙasashe takwas da ke maƙwabtaka da Brazil: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Guiana ta Faransa, Peru, Suriname da Venezuela, don haka ya ƙunshi yanki mai girman kilomita 6.9.

A cikin gandun daji na Amazon yana yiwuwa a sami wadataccen fauna da tsirrai, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake ɗaukarsa tsattsarkar mahalli na yawancin nau'ikan musamman. An kiyasta cewa fiye da nau'in 5,000 suna rayuwa a cikin Amazon[1] na dabbobi, yawancin su a ciki cikin haɗari.


A cikin wannan labarin game da Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon - hotuna da abubuwan banza, daga PeritoAnimal, zaku sadu da dabbobi 24 daga gandun dajin Amazon - biyu daga cikinsu sun riga sun ƙare kuma 22 waɗanda ke fuskantar barazanar sabili da haka suna fuskantar haɗarin bace daga yanayi. Duba jerin da muka yi game da waɗannan dabbobin, wasu daga cikinsu sun shahara sosai kuma ana ɗauka alamun Amazon!

Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon

Brazil a halin yanzu tana da nau'in dabbobi 1,173 da ke cikin hatsari, a cewar Red Book of the Brazil Fauna Endangered with Extinction, wanda Cibiyar Kula da Rayayyun Halittu ta Chico Mendes ta shirya, wanda ke da alaƙa da Ma'aikatar Muhalli. Hakanan bisa ga daftarin, daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 5,070 da ke zaune a cikin Amazon, 180 suna cikin haɗarin halaka. Hakanan kuna iya sha'awar labarin dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Pantanal.


Ku zauna! Dabbobi sun yi barazanar halaka, wato, waɗanda har yanzu suna nan amma suna cikin haɗarin ɓacewa, sun sha bamban da dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin daji - waɗanda aka haife su kawai cikin bauta. Hakanan, dabbobin da suka mutu sune waɗanda babu su yanzu. Daga cikin dabbobin da ke fuskantar barazana, akwai nau'ikan rarrabuwa guda uku: mai rauni, mai haɗari ko haɗari mai haɗari.

Daga cikin manyan dalilan da ke haifar da mutuwar dabbobi a cikin Amazon shine gina tsirrai masu amfani da makamashin lantarki, wanda ke shafar mazaunin kifi kai tsaye da wasu tsuntsaye, ban da dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa kamar dolphin ruwan hoda da manatee na Amazon.

Fadada aikin gona, tare da ƙaruwa mai yawa na sare itatuwa, haɓakar birane da sakamakon mamaye daji, gurɓatawa, farauta ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, fataucin dabbobi, konewa da kuma yawon shakatawa mara kyau da gwamnatin Brazil ta nuna a matsayin manyan barazana ga dabbobin Amazon.[1]


Dangane da rahoton da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta WWF ta fitar a watan Satumbar 2020, duniya ta rasa kashi 68% na namun daji a cikin kasa da shekaru 50. Daftarin ya yi daidai da nuna sare itatuwa da faɗaɗa yankunan noma a matsayin manyan dalilan wannan yanayin.[2]

Daga cikin dabbobin da suka mutu a cikin Amazon, muna haskaka biyu:

Ƙananan Hyacinth Macaw (Annoorhynchus glaucus)

Na babban kyau, ana iya ganin ɗan macaw ɗan hyacinth duka a cikin dajin Amazon da cikin Pantanal. An yi la'akari da ɓacewa na aƙalla shekaru 50, har yanzu ana iya samun sauran nau'in macaws na hyacinth a cikin zaman talala ko ma a cikin daji, amma kuma ana yi musu barazanar ƙarewa.

Eskimo CurlewNumenius borealis)

ICMBIO tana ɗaukar Eskimo curlew a matsayin yanki. Wannan saboda tsuntsu ne mai ƙaura, wanda ke zaune a yankuna na Kanada da Alaska, amma ana iya ganinsa koyaushe a Uruguay, Argentina da Amazonas, Mato Grosso da São Paulo. Koyaya, rikodin ƙarshe na dabba a cikin ƙasar ya wuce shekaru 150 da suka gabata.

Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon

1. Dolphin ruwan hoda (Ina geoffrensis)

Halin: cikin hadari.

Anyi la'akari da ɗaya daga cikin alamomin Amazon, ana kuma kiranta ja dolphin. Yana da babbar dabbar dolphin akwai. Abin takaici, launinsa daban -daban ya sa ya zama abin barazana ta hanyar kamun kifi. Bugu da ƙari, gurɓataccen kogi, ɓarna ta tafkin da gina tashar jiragen ruwa suma suna haifar da barazana ga nau'in. An saki labari mai ban tausayi a cikin 2018: yawan dabbar dolphin na ruwan Amazonian yana raguwa da rabi kowace shekara 10.[4]

2. Dabbar dolphinSotalia guianensis)

Halin: m.

Wannan dabbar tana iya kaiwa tsayin 220cm kuma har zuwa kilo 121. Yana ciyarwa musamman akan kifin teleost da squid kuma yana rayuwa tsawon shekaru 30 zuwa 35. Dabbar dolphin ruwan dabbar dabbar ruwa ce, kuma ana iya samun ta daga Honduras, a Amurka ta Tsakiya, zuwa jihar Santa Catarina, amma kuma tana nan a yankin Amazon.

3. Jaguarpanthera onca)

Halin: m.

Har ila yau, an san shi da jaguar, ita ce mafi girman kifin da ke zaune a cikin nahiyar Amurka da na uku mafi girma a duniya (kawai bayan damisa ta bengal da zaki). Bugu da ƙari, ita ce kawai ɗaya daga cikin sanannun nau'in huɗu na halittar Panthera da za a iya samu a Amurka. Duk da cewa ana ɗaukarta tamkar dabba mai wakiltar Amazon, jimillar yawanta ya karu daga matsanancin kudancin Amurka zuwa arewacin Argentina, gami da yawancin Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.

4. Babban Armadillo (Maximus Priodonts)

Halin: m.

Babban barazana ta hanyar ƙara yawan gobarar daji, sare itatuwa da farautar farauta, katon armadillo yana da doguwar jela da ƙananan garkuwoyi. Yana rayuwa tsakanin shekaru 12 zuwa 15.

5. Kuma (Pco concolor)

Halin: m.

Har ila yau an san shi da puma, puma ita ce dabbar da ta dace da muhallin daban -daban, don haka ana iya samun ta a yankuna daban -daban na Amurka. Yana samun babban gudu kuma yana da m tsalle, wanda zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 5.5.

6. Giant Dabba (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

Halin: m.

Tsawonsa tsakanin mita 1.80 da 2.10 kuma ya kai kilo 41. Ba wai kawai halayen Amazon ba, ana iya samunsa a cikin Pantanal, Cerrado da Dajin Atlantika. Tare da ɗabi'ar ɗabi'a ta ƙasa, tana da dogon hancin da sifar sutura mai siffa sosai.

7. Margaya (Leopardus wiedii)

Halin: m.

Tare da manyan idanun da ke fitowa, margayen yana da ƙafafun baya masu sassauƙa, huɗu mai fitowa, manyan kafafu da dogon wutsiya.

8. Manatee ta Amazonian (Tsarin Trichechus)

Halin: m.

Wannan babban dabba zai iya yin kilo 420 kuma ya kai tsawon mita 2.75. Tare da fata mai santsi da kauri, yana da launi wanda ya bambanta daga launin toka mai duhu zuwa baƙar fata kuma galibi yana da tabo fari ko ɗan ɗanɗano mai ruwan hoda a yankin ventral. DA abinci na manatee na Amazonian ya dogara ne akan ciyawa, macrophytes da tsirrai na ruwa.

9. Tukur (Pteronura brasiliensis)

Halin: m

Gizon otter mai shayarwa mai cin nama wanda za a iya samu a cikin Amazon da cikin dausayi. Hakanan ana kiranta jaguar ruwa, babban otter da kyarkeci na kogi, yana da wutsiya mai siffa mai ƙyalli don taimakawa cikin iyo.

10. Parrot-nonon nonoAmazon mai ban mamaki)

Halin: m.

Ana iya samun aku mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin yankuna da dazukan Araucaria, kamar Paraguay, arewacin Argentina da Brazil, inda yake daga Minas Gerais zuwa Rio Grande do Sul. Wannan nau'in shine lalata dazuzzukan da suke zaune da kamawa , wanda ya saka shi cikin jerin bakin ciki na dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari ko dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon.

11. Tafi (Tapirus terrestris)

Halin: m.

Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna iya ɗaukar nauyin kilo 300. Naman sa da fatar sa suna da ƙima sosai, wanda ya sa farauta ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan da yasa wasu al'ummomin ke ciki hadari. Tapir na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 35 kuma gestation na zuriyarsu yana kan matsakaita, kwanaki 400.

12. Graybeard (Synallaxis kollari)

Halin: cikin hadari.

Wannan ƙaramin tsuntsu yawanci yana auna inci 16 kuma yana son zama a ciki m gandun daji, ana samun ba kawai a Brazil ba, har ma a Guyana. Yana da kyakkyawan fatar cikin inuwar tsatsa a jiki da launi a kan makogwaro.

13. Ararajuba (Guaruba guarouba)

Halin: m

Ararajuba suna son gina gidajensu a dogayen bishiyoyi, tare da sama da mita 15. An samo shi kawai a cikin yankin tsakanin arewacin Maranhão, kudu maso gabashin Amazonas da arewacin Pará, wannan tsuntsu tana da tsawon 35cm kuma tana da ƙyalli a bayanta. Barazil a cikin zinare mai launin rawaya mai ƙarfi, tare da nasihun fukafukai masu launin zaitun.

14. Mikiya Harpy (Harp harp)

Halin: m.

Wanda kuma aka sani da gaggafa, wannan kyakkyawan tsuntsu mai cin nama ne, yana cin kananan dabbobi kamar dabbobi masu shayarwa da sauran tsuntsaye. Za a iya samun gaggafa a wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka, kamar Mexico, Argentina, Colombia da wasu a Amurka ta Tsakiya. Tare da fuka -fuki yana kai tsawon mita 2.5 kuma yana iya yin nauyi har zuwa kilo 10.

15. Chawa (Rhodocorytha Amazon)

Halin: m.

Tsawon chauá parrot yana da kusan santimita 40 kuma ana ɗauka babba ne. Yana da sauƙin ganewa, saboda jan kambi a kai, tare da gemun baki da kafafu. Abincin su ya dogara ne akan 'ya'yan itatuwa, tsaba, berries, furannin fure da ganye.

16. Gwaggo (damisa tigrinus)

Halin: cikin hadari.

An san shi da sunaye daban -daban. Macambira cat, pintadinho, mumuninha da chué, kuma sun fito ne daga gida ɗaya da margay, wanda rashin alheri shima yana cikin wannan jerin dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon. Dabbar daji ita ce mafi ƙanƙanin nau'in kifin a Brazil. Yana da girman kama da na dabbobin gida, tare da tsayinsa daga 40cm zuwa 60cm.

17. Cuica-de-vest (Caluromysiops ya fashe)

Halin da ake ciki: yana cikin haɗari.

Cuíca-de-vest, da kuma opossums, marsupial ne wanda ke da dangi kangaroos da koalas. Tare da halaye na dare, yana ciyar da ƙananan dabbobi, ƙanƙara da 'ya'yan itatuwa kuma yana iya yin nauyi har zuwa gram 450.

18. Gizon Gizo (Atheles Belzebuth)

Halin: m.

Birin gizo -gizo zai iya yin nauyin kilo 8.5 kuma yana rayuwa tsawon shekaru 25 a zaman talala. Yawanci na gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, abincin su yana kan 'ya'yan itatuwa. Abin takaici, wannan dabbar tana daya daga cikin mafi saukin kamuwa da mummunan tasirin da mutane ke haifar da shi, koda kuwa yawancin 'yan asalin Yanomami ne ke farautar sa.

19. Uakari (Hosomi cacajao)

Halin: cikin hadari.

Asali daga Venezuela, wannan dabbar tana nan a cikin gandun dajin Amazon na terra firme, gandun igapó, campinarana ko Rio Negro caatinga.

20. Sauim-de-lear (saguinus mai launi biyu)

Halin da ake ciki: yana cikin haɗari.

Wata dabbar da ke cikin haɗari, ana samun ta a Manaus, Itacoatiara da Rio Pedro da Eva. shiga sanadiyyar karuwar birane yana daga cikin manyan dalilan rage jinsi a yanayi.

21. Jacu-crack (Neomorphus geoffroyi amazonus)

Halin: m.

Wannan tsuntsu yana cikin jihohi daban -daban na Brazil, kamar Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Tocantins, Bahia, Maranhão da Acre. Suna iya kaiwa santimita 54 a tsayi kuma an san su da fitar da busasshen sauti mai kama da hayaniyar hakora. alade daji.

22. Caiarara (Cebus kaapori)

Halin da ake ciki: yana cikin haɗari.

Gabatarwa a gabashin Pará da Maranhão, ana kiran biri biri caiarara kuma piticó ko farin fuska. Yana da nauyin kilo 3 kuma yana ciyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kwari da iri. Rushewar mazauninsa na halitta shine babbar barazana ga nau'in, wanda kuma ya sanya shi cikin wannan jerin dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon.

Yadda za a yaki bacewar dabbobi

Kuna iya tunanin ba za ku iya taimakawa adana rayuwar mutane daban -daban ba. dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari. Amma albishir shine eh, akwai matakai da yawa da za a iya ɗauka don ceton rayayyun halittu na duniya.

Dangane da shawarwari daga WWF Brasil da sauran kwararru a duniyar dabbobi, mun lissafa wasu abubuwa masu sauƙi da za ku iya yi:

  • Kula da hankali lokacin zuwa ƙauye ko gandun daji: a mafi yawan lokuta gobara tana faruwa ne sakamakon sakacin ɗan adam
  • Lokacin tafiya, koyaushe ɗaukar jaka ko jakunkuna tare da ku inda zaku iya adana datti ko ma tattara abin da kuka samu akan hanya. Ba kowa ne ya sani ba kuma jakar filastik da kwalabe na iya jefa dabbobi da yawa cikin haɗari.
  • Kada ku sayi abubuwan tunawa da aka yi da fatar dabba, kashi, carapace, baki ko tafin hannu
  • Lokacin siyan kayan daki, bincika asalin itace. Bayar da samfuran ci gaba.
  • Tafi kamun kifi? Kada ku yi kifi idan ya fita daga lokacin doka, in ba haka ba da yawa iri na iya ɓacewa
  • Lokacin ziyartar wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa ko wuraren kariya, bincika game da ayyukan da aka hana ko ba a yarda da su a wurin ba, kamar zango.

Dabbobi masu hadari a Brazil

Don sanin cikakken jerin dabbobin da ake barazanar ɓacewa a Brazil, kawai sami damar shiga Littafin Red Fauna na Barazanar Brazil da aka Yi Barazanar da Ƙarewa, ta ICMBio. Wanda muka sanya a cikin nassoshin mu a ƙasa. Hakanan kuna iya samun damar zuwa wannan labarin da muka yi game da dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a Brazil. Zuwa na gaba!

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon - Hotuna da abubuwan banza,, muna ba da shawarar ku shigar da sashen Dabbobin mu na Ƙarshe.