Dabbobin Caatinga: tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa da masu rarrafe

Mawallafi: Peter Berry
Ranar Halitta: 11 Yuli 2021
Sabuntawa: 14 Nuwamba 2024
Anonim
Dabbobin Caatinga: tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa da masu rarrafe - Dabbobin Dabbobi
Dabbobin Caatinga: tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa da masu rarrafe - Dabbobin Dabbobi

Wadatacce

Caatinga kalma ce ta Tupi-Guarani wacce ke nufin 'farin gandun daji'. wannan shine biome na Brazil kawai wanda aka ƙuntata ga jihohin Bahia, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Piauí da wani ɓangare na Minas Gerais. Matsayinsa ya yi daidai da kusan 11% na yankin ƙasa. Babban halayen wannan ƙirar halitta, wanda kuma ake kira 'yan baya', sune gandun dajin da ke bayyane, wanda da yawa ke kira 'bushe'. Wani ɓangare na wannan yanayin muhalli yana faruwa ne sakamakon ruwan sama da ba a saba yi ba (tare da dogon lokaci na fari) a yankin sauyin yanayi. Waɗannan sifofin suna bayyana ƙaramin bambancin wannan nau'in halittar halittu, duka a cikin flora da cikin gidan fauna idan aka kwatanta da biomes kamar Amazon ko dajin Atlantic, misali.


Abin takaici, bisa ga rahoton da aka buga a G1 a cikin 2019[1], Dabbobi 182 na Catinga ana yi musu barazanar halaka. Domin ku fahimci ainihin haɗarin da al'adun ƙasar Brazil ke fuskanta, a cikin wannan labarin ta Masanin Dabbobi da muke gabatarwa Dabbobi 33 daga Caatinga da sifofinsa masu ban mamaki.

Dabbobin Caatinga

Caatinga halitta ce da aka sani da ita low endemism, wato ƙananan dabbobi iri -iri da suka ɓullo kawai a wannan yankin. Duk da haka, bisa ga labarin da mai bincike Lúcia Helena Piedade Kill ya buga, a cikin 2011 [2] daga cikin dabbobin da aka yi rikodin na Caatinga, an san cewa akwai nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 500, nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa 120, nau'in dabbobi masu rarrafe 44 da nau'in dabbobi masu rarrafe 17. Ana ci gaba da yin nazari da kuma tsara sabbin jinsuna tsakanin dabbobin Caatinga. Ba duk dabbobin da ke cikin Caatinga ba ne na yau da kullun, amma gaskiya ne cewa suna rayuwa, suna rayuwa kuma suna cikin tsarin halittu. Gano wasu shahararrun nau'in halittu na Caatinga a Brazil:


Tsuntsayen Caatinga

blue makawa (Cyanopsitta spixii)

Wannan ɗan macaw ɗin da aka bayyana launinsa da sunansa ya kai kimanin santimita 57 kuma shine mai hatsarin gaske tsakanin dabbobin Caatinga. Kamanninsa ba kasafai yake ba har ma bayanai game da halaye da halayensa ba su da yawa. Duk da kusancinsa a cikin ainihin duniya, Spix's Macaw shine babban jarumin fim ɗin Rio, na Carlos Saldanha. Duk wanda ya san Blu zai sani.

Macaw na Lear (Annoorhynchus leari)

Wannan wani nau'in, Annoba a jihar Bahia, cikin hadari tsakanin tsuntsayen Caatinga saboda lalacewar mazauninsu. Ya fi girman Macaw na Spix, har ya kai 75 cm, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da alwati mai rawaya a kan muƙamai suma fasali ne na wannan tsuntsu.


Farar fata (Picazuro Patagioenas)

Ee, wannan shine tsuntsun da Luis Gonzaga ya nakalto a cikin waƙa mai daɗi. Farin fuka -fukan tsuntsaye ne na Kudancin Amurka wanda ke ƙaura da yawa. Saboda haka, ana iya ganinsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tsuntsayen Caatinga kuma yana da tsayayya da fari na yanki. Suna iya auna kusan 34 cm kuma ana kiranta da kurciya-carijó, jacaçu ko tattabara.

Karatun Parakeet (Cupsortula cactorum)

Caatinga Parakeet, wanda kuma aka sani da paratet na sirri an sanya masa suna ne don kamanceceniya da parakeet kuma don faruwarsa a cikin Caatingas na Brazil a cikin garken mutane 6 zuwa 8. Suna cin masara da 'ya'yan itace kuma a halin yanzu ana yi musu barazana ta haramtacciyar kasuwanci.

Sauran muhimman tsuntsayen Caatinga sune:

  • Arapacu-de-cerradoLepidocolaptes angustirostris);
  • Red hummingbird (Chrysolampis sauro);
  • Kabure (Glaucidium brasilianum);
  • Gaskiya Canary Land (Flaveola Sicalis);
  • Kara (caracara plancus);
  • Cardinal na arewa maso gabas (Ikklesiyar Dominican);
  • Cin hanci da rashawa (Icterus jamacaii);
  • Jaw-cancá (cyanocorax cyanopogon);
  • Yaren Jacucaca (penelope jacucaca);
  • seriema (Cristata);
  • Real Maracanã (Primolius Maracana);
  • Grey aku (da Amazon);
  • Red Tufted Woodpecker (Campephilus melanoleucos);
  • Tweet ɗin Tweet (Myrmorchilus Strigilatus).

Dabbobi masu shayarwa

Guigo da Caatinga (Callicebus barbarabrownae)

Wannan nau'in nau'in halitta ne a Bahia da Sergipe tsakanin dabbobin Caatinga, amma ba su da yawa kuma cikin haɗari. Ana gane caatinga outrigger ta bakin tuftsin gashi a kunnuwan sa, gashi mai haske akan sauran jikin sa da wutsiyar launin ruwan ja, kodayake ba kasafai ake ganin sa ba.

Kaya Prea (cavia abun ciki)

Wannan dabbar tana daya daga cikin irin dabbobin gida na Caatinga kuma daga wasu halittun halittu na Kudancin Amurka. Alade, ko bengo, yayi kamanceceniya da alade, amma ba dabbar gida ba ce. Zai iya auna har zuwa 25 cm kuma launi ya bambanta daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa launin toka mai haske. Suna cin hatsi da ganyayyaki.

Fox Caatinga (Cerdocyon thous L)

Har ila yau, an san shi da karen daji, ana iya samun waɗannan Canidades a kusan dukkanin halittu na Kudancin Amurka, ba kasancewa ba, na ɗaya daga cikin Dabbobin Caatinga, amma daga duk biomes na Brazil. A cikin Caatinga, waɗannan dabbobin suna yin muhimmin aiki na watsa tsaba na tsirrai na gida, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don kiyayewa da daidaita tsirrai na gida, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin labarin da Eduardo Henrique ya buga a cikin mujallar Xapuri Socioambiental.[3]

Gidan Armadillo (Tricinctus mai ƙarfi)

An san Caatinga-bola armadillo don, sama da duka, zama cikin yankuna masu bushewa na Brazil, tare da iya haƙa ramuka da ɗabi'unsa na lanƙwasa cikin harsashi wasu sanannun halaye ne. Baya ga shiga cikin jerin dabbobi a cikin Caatinga, a cikin 2014 armadillo-bola-da-Caatinga ya tashi zuwa wani matakin shahara lokacin da aka zaɓi mascot don gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza.

Puma Caatinga, PumaPco concolor)

Duk da kasancewa cikin dabbobin Caatinga, yana da wuya a ga ɗayan waɗannan dabbobin a cikin halittar halittu. DA Karatun jaguar yana ɓacewa daga taswira ta hanyar farauta da rikice -rikice kai tsaye tare da mutum, da lalata wurin zama. Kamar sauran jaguar, ƙwararrun mafarauta ne da masu tsalle, amma suna son zama nesa da kasancewar ɗan adam.

Sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke zaune a cikin dabbobin Caatinga sune:

  • agouti (Dasyprocta Aguti);
  • Opossum mai farin-kunne (Didelphis albiventris);
  • Bikin Capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus);
  • Hannu tsirara (Procyon cancrivorus);
  • Marmoset Farar Tuffa (Callithrix jacchus);
  • Brown barewa (Mazama Gouazoubira).

Dabbobi masu rarrafe

Caatinga hawainiya (Polychrus acutirostris)

Duk da sunan da ya shahara, wannan nau'in jinsin kadangare ne wanda ke cikin dabbobin caatinga. Haka kuma ana iya sanin hawainiyar caatinga chameleon karya ko kadangare. Ikonsa na yin kamanni, idanunsa da ke motsawa da kan su da yanayin kwantar da hankula su ne wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ya fi burge su.

Boa mai takura (mai kyau constrictor)

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin Caatinga macizai, amma ba keɓantacce ga wannan ƙirar halittu a Brazil ba. Zai iya kaiwa tsawon mita 2 kuma ana ɗaukar macijin kifi. Halayensa ba na dare ba ne, lokacin da yake farautar farautarsa, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, kadangare da ma tsuntsaye.

Sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwan rarrabuwa na Caatinga sune:

  • Alamar Green-wutsiya (Ameivula venetacaudus);
  • Kausar da Kaho (Stenocercus sp. n.).

Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Caatinga

Abin takaici, yanayin yanayin Caatinga yana fuskantar barazana ta hanyar amfani da ɗan adam, yana haifar da lalacewar muhalli kuma yana jagorantar wasu nau'in jerin dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari ta hanyar IBAMA. Daga cikinsu, an ambaci jaguar, kyanwa, daji, barewa, capybara, macaw shudi, kurciya mai tashar jiragen ruwa da ƙudan zuma. Kamar yadda aka ambata a farkon rubutun, a cikin 2019 an bayyana cewa Caatinga biome yana da nau'ikan 182 da ke cikin haɗari[1]. Ana iya tuntuɓar duk nau'in Brazil ɗin da ke barazanar yin lalata ICMBio Red Littafi, wanda ya lissafa duk nau'in nau'in dabbobin Brazil da ke barazanar mutuwa[4].

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Dabbobin Caatinga: tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa da masu rarrafe,, muna ba da shawarar ku shigar da sashen Dabbobin mu na Ƙarshe.