Wadatacce
- Ire -iren kuda
- Gidan tashi (Gidan tashi)
- katon tashi
- jaruman gauromydas, babbar tashi a duniya
- Kwari na 'ya'yan itace (Diptera: Tephritidae)
- Kudancin Amurka na tashi (Anastrepha fraterculus)
- busa ƙaho
- Berneira tashi (Dermatobia hominis)
- Kudan zuma ko Blue Varejeira (Calliphora amai)
- Dokin doki
- Gudun wanka (Psychoda ko Telmatoscopus)
- Farin tashi
- Tsuntsaye (Haematobia irritans irritans)
An kiyasta cewa akwai ƙudaje kusan miliyan 1, sauro da ƙudan zuma a duniya, kuma a halin yanzu 12,000 suna zaune a Brazil, a cewar labarin da Agência FAPESP (Gidauniyar Tallafin Bincike ta Jihar São Paulo) ta buga.[1] Duk da kasancewar kwari da ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da cututtuka masu haɗari a wasu yanayi, kuda kuma suna da mahimmancin muhalli saboda, kamar ƙudan zuma, wasu daga cikinsu suna lalata kwari. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci a san yadda ake rarrabe su don gano alamun nau'ikan kuda masu haɗari ko fahimtar ayyukansu a yanayi. A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal mun zaɓa Nau'ikan kuda 22: nau'in, halaye da hotunan da zasu taimaka muku gane su.
Ire -iren kuda
Kwari kwari ne da ke cikin tsari zurfi na arthropods. Halayensu na zahiri na gama gari shine fuka -fukai guda biyu, fuskokin fuskoki da matsakaicin girman har zuwa 0.5cm, ban da manyan kuda. Wani abin tunawa da irin waɗannan kwari shine nasu yanayin rayuwa Raba zuwa matakai 4: kwai, tsutsa, kumbiya da babba - da ɗan gajeren rayuwa, kusan wata guda.
Gilashin ƙara girma yana da mahimmanci don lura dalla -dalla halayen zahiri na yawancin kuda. Sanin wasu daga cikinsu a ƙasa:
Gidan tashi (Gidan tashi)
Ba abu ne mai wahala ba ku ci karo da kurar gida a waje ku lura da naku da idanun ku. idanu masu yawa da ƙarewa masu ƙyalli waɗanda ke ba ku damar 'shafa hannuwanku'. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke bambanta kuda daga gida da yawa iri kwari wanda aka kawo a cikin wannan labarin shine daidaitawarsa ga birane. Waɗannan kwari suna bunƙasa a kan gurɓataccen tsirrai ko kwayoyin halittar dabbobi, kuma yanayin zafi yana hanzarta kuma ya fi saurin yaduwa a gida. Ba wannan kadai ba, tashi gida na iya tashi zuwa kilomita 18 a rana. Rayuwar birni ya sa ta kasance mai juriya da yawan kwari.
katon tashi
A katon kwari ba kasafai ake ganin su ba yayin da suke kashe mafi yawan lokutan rayuwarsu a matakin tsutsotsi, cikin gidajen tururuwa. Girmansu da bayyanar su sau da yawa suna sa ire -iren waɗannan kudaje su rikita rikice da gandun daji.
jaruman gauromydas, babbar tashi a duniya
Wannan shine mafi girma tashi a duniya kuma ita 'yar Brazil ce. Yana da a babban baƙar tashi ya isa a yi kuskure don tsutsa: yana da kusan 6 cm, yana da fikafikan launin ruwan kasa da nasihunan eriya na orange.
Kwari na 'ya'yan itace (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Maganar 'ya'yan itace tashi, kamar yadda za mu gani, ba tana nufin nau'in kuda ba, amma fiye da 4,000 jinsin kuda daga dangin Tephrity. Kamar yadda aka ba da shawara, babban halayyar waɗannan nau'ikan kuda shine amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa don haɓaka larvarsu, wanda ya sa manoma da yawa suka ɗauki su a matsayin kwari.
Kudancin Amurka na tashi (Anastrepha fraterculus)
Wannan yana daya daga cikin nau'in kuda wanda a halin yanzu kawai yana cikin Amurka. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa suna jan hankalin wuraren shuka 'ya'yan itace, kamar yadda sunan ya bayyana, kumburin' ya'yan itacen Kudancin Amurka shima an bayyana shi azaman rawaya tashi tare da duhu duhu a jiki da fuka -fuki, ban da ratsin rawaya masu haske uku a ciki.
busa ƙaho
An kiyasta cewa kumburin ya bayyana shekaru miliyan 22 da suka wuce a duniya. Ana iya gane wasu nau'in kumburin cikin sauƙi ta sautin ƙarfe a cikin jiki da kasancewa a wuraren da nama ko datti.
Berneira tashi (Dermatobia hominis)
Daga cikin nau'o'in kuda, wannan yana daya daga cikin nau'in kumburin da ya shahara a Brazil, saboda ectoparasitosis da yake watsawa, 'berne', wanda kuma ake kira wannan nau'in. Ana iya ganin wannan bugun bugun a matsayin kore tashi, amma a zahiri an bayyana shi azaman launin toka mai launin toka mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi akan kirji, auna tsawonsa kusan 12 mm.
Kudan zuma ko Blue Varejeira (Calliphora amai)
Wannan nau'in shuɗi mai ruwan shuɗi na iya zama sananne da tashi nama saboda ana samun sa a muhallin da nama, sabo ko ruɓewa, ke tonawa, ko a kicin ko juji. A ganinta ana gane ta da sautin muryarta da ƙarfe da kai mai launin shuɗi.
Wasu nau'o'in kumburi:
- Chrysomya megacephala;
- Cochliomyia hominivorax;
- Lucilia ta barranta;
- Albiceps na Chrysomya;
- Ruffifacies na Chrysomya;
- chrysomya tuhuma.
Dokin doki
Ire -iren kuda da aka fi sani da horsefly ko butuca jinsuna ne na dangin Tabanidae da jinsi Chrysops. wadannan su ne kuda masu zafi kuma wannan sunan ya zo, daidai, daga Tupi [2], wanda ke nufin tsiya ko huda. Bugu da ƙari, wannan cutar na iya haifar da ciwon kai. Horseflies suna haɓaka a cikin mahalli tare da ruwa, ciyayi da zafi.
Dangane da nau'in, tsayinsa na iya bambanta tsakanin 6 zuwa 30 mm, yayin da fuka -fukansa suke a bayyane kuma suna motsi. Jiki na iya bayyana da launuka da yawa: daga koren emerald zuwa baki. Duk da halaye na rana, bugun dawakai yakan haifar da rashin jin daɗi da rashin bacci.
A jinsin doki wanda aka fi sani shine:
- Tabanus sp.
- bobine tabanus
- Tabanus sudeticus
- Tabanus bromius(hoto), wanda aka sani da a tashi da stinger.
Gudun wanka (Psychoda ko Telmatoscopus)
Ba zai ɗauki hazaƙa ba don tsammani cewa irin wannan kuda yana daidaita sosai da zafi na ɗakin wanka. A Brazil, mafi yawan nau'ikan kudajen gidan wanka na cikin jinsin Psychoda cewa, a gaskiya, ya fi kusa da sauro fiye da kuda.
Gabaɗaya, ban da 'mazauninsu' na halitta, waɗannan ƙananan kwari ana kuma gane su iri ƙananan ƙudaje kamar yadda suka saba auna kusan 2 mm. Suna kama da ƙaramin asu: jikinsu yana da ƙarfi, cike da bristles, launuka daga launin toka zuwa launin ruwan kasa, da fikafikai masu layi masu gashi.
A jinsin kudajen gida Mafi na kowa a Brazil sune:
- Alternata Psychoda;
- Fim ɗin Psychoda;
- Satchelli na Psychoda;
- Telmatocospus albipuncatus.
Farin tashi
Kamar yadda yake game da kumburin 'ya'yan itace, farar kuda kalma ce da aka sanya wa nau'ikan nau'ikan kwari waɗanda, sabanin waɗanda aka ambata a sama, basa cikin tsarin diptera. Kai nau'in whitefly Mafi mashahuri a Brazil sune nau'ikan mallakar dangin Aleyrodinae. Baya ga bayyanar fararen, girman kusan 2mm, wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na nau'in whitefly shine gaskiyar cewa su rundunonin tsirrai ne, wanda ya sa manoma da masu aikin lambu da yawa suka ɗauke su a matsayin kwari.
Tsuntsaye (Haematobia irritans irritans)
Kamar yadda sunan ya sanar, da ƙaho tashi an san shi da kai hari ga shanu. A bayyane yake, wannan nau'in ya isa Brazil tare da Turawa, cikin fitar da shanu, a ƙarni na ƙarshe. A matsayinsa na babba, ana iya gane shi ta launin ruwan kasa, ƙaramin girmansa, ɗan buɗe fuka -fukansa da ƙasa idan ya sauka.
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Nau'in kwari: nau'in da halaye,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.