Wadatacce
- Menene metamorphosis?
- Nau'in metamorphosis
- metamorphosis kwari
- Amphibian metamorphosis
- Matakan metamorphosis mai sauƙi
- Matakan cikakken metamorphosis a cikin kwari
- Matakan metamorphosis a cikin amphibians
- Wadanne dabbobi suna da metamorphosis?
DA metamorphosis, a cikin ilimin dabbobi, ya ƙunshi canji wanda wasu dabbobin ke fuskanta ta inda suke wucewa daga wannan tsari zuwa wani, a jere na yau da kullun, daga haihuwa zuwa girma. yana daga cikin ku ci gaban halittu kuma yana shafar ba kawai ilimin ilimin halittar jikin ku ba, har ma da halayen ku da salon rayuwar ku.
A cikin wannan labarin ta PeritoAnimal, zamuyi bayanin menene dabbobin da ke shan metamorphosis a cikin ci gaban su, Har ila yau yana ba da cikakken bayanin yadda matakan metamorphosis suke ko waɗanne nau'ikan metamorphosis suke. Karanta kuma gano komai game da wannan tsari!
Menene metamorphosis?
Don ƙarin fahimta me ake nufi "metamorphosis’, dole ne mu san naku ilimin harshe. Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga Girkanci kuma ta ƙunshi waɗannan kalmomi: burin (ƙari), morphe (adadi ko siffa) da -kasawa (canjin yanayi), saboda haka, zai zama canji daga wani kashi zuwa wani.
Don haka, da metamorphosis a cikin dabbobi canji ne kwatsam kuma ba za a iya juyawa ba physiology, morphology da hali. Lokaci ne a cikin rayuwar dabba wanda ya yi daidai da nassi daga sifar tsutsa zuwa ƙuruciya ko babba. Yana shafar kwari, wasu kifaye da wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe, amma ba dabbobi masu shayarwa ba.
Wannan matakin ci gaba yana da alaƙa da haihuwar tsutsa mai cin gashin kanta, ba ta iya hayayyafa ta hanyar jima'i har ta kai matakin ƙarami ko babba, wanda aka sani da "imago"ko kuma"mataki na ƙarsheBugu da ƙari, abubuwan da ke faruwa na metamorphosis ba kawai na waje bane, har ma sun haɗa da manyan canje -canje a cikin dabba, kamar:
- Gyaran jiki
- Gyaran nama na jiki
- Daidaitawa zuwa sabon yanayi
Nau'in metamorphosis
Yanzu da kuka san menene metamorphosis, zamuyi bayanin waɗanne iri ne. Koyaya, yakamata ku sani cewa, yayin da a cikin kwari akwai canji a matakin salula, a cikin masu ambaliyar ruwa ya ƙunshi canji a cikin ƙwayoyin dabbobi, don haka waɗannan sune matakai daban -daban. Nemo a ƙasa menene bambance -bambancen da ke tsakanin metamorphoses kwari biyu da yadda ya bambanta da metamorphosis amphibian:
metamorphosis kwari
muna lura a cikin kwari iri biyu na metamorphosis, sabanin amphibians, waɗanda ke fuskantar guda ɗaya. Na gaba, za mu bayyana abin da suka ƙunshi:
- hemimetabolism. A cikin wannan nau'in metamorphosis, mutum baya fuskantar yanayin "pupa", wato ba shi da lokacin rashin aiki. Yana ciyarwa akai -akai, ta haka yana kara girmansa, har ya kai matakin balagagge. A cikin wani nau'in, kowane nau'in rayuwa yana da nasa daidaitawa da muhallin. Wasu misalai na dabbobin da ke shan wahalar hemimetabolism sune lobsters da bedbugs.
- Holometabolism: Hakanan an san shi azaman metamorphosis cikakke ko rikitarwa. A wannan yanayin muna lura da matakai daban -daban kuma duk sun ƙare a matakin ɗalibi (wanda zai iya wuce makonni da ma shekaru, dangane da nau'in) har zuwa haihuwar imago. Mun ga canji mai mahimmanci a cikin yanayin mutum. Wasu misalan dabbobin da ke shan holometabolism sune malam buɗe ido, kuda, sauro, kudan zuma ko ƙwari.
- ametabolism. Duk da haka, baya haifar da metamorphosis, ci gaba ne kai tsaye. Wasu misalai su ne kwari da mites.
A cikin kwari, metamorphosis yana sarrafawa ta "ecdysone", hormone na steroid wanda ba shi da homonin yara kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye halayen tsutsar jikin dabba. Duk da haka, akwai a matsala mai girma: magungunan kashe kwari da yawa suna da halaye masu kama da waɗannan homonin na yara, ta hanyar da suke ƙarewa su hana metamorphosis na mutum ta hanyar hana su gaba ɗaya.
Amphibian metamorphosis
"The metamorphosis na amphibians shine sakamakon aikin hormone thyroid. (Gudernatsch, 1912) Kwarewa ya nuna cewa jujjuyawar thyroid ko maganin thyroid yana haifar da metamorphosis."
A cikin metamorphosis na amphibians, muna kiyayewa wasu kamannin kwari, kamar yadda su ma suke bi ta matakin tsutsa (tadpole) da matakin almajiri (tadpole tare da gabobi) kafin su haifi imago, wanda zai zama matakin manya. O misali mafi yawanci shine kwadi.
Bayan lokacin "prometamorphosis", lokacin da yatsun dabbobin suka bayyana, wani ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen abin da ake kira dabino yana haɗa su don samar da takalmin ninkaya. Sannan sinadarin hormone da ake kira "pituitary" ya ratsa ta cikin jini zuwa thyroid. A wannan lokacin, yana motsa samar da hormone T4, wanda yana haifar da cikakkiyar metamorphosis.
Na gaba, zamu nuna yadda ake samar da matakan metamorphosis gwargwadon kowane nau'in.
Matakan metamorphosis mai sauƙi
Domin ku ƙara fahimtar metamorphosis mai sauƙi ko cikakke, za mu nuna muku misali na metamorphosis na fari. An haife shi daga kwai mai ƙima kuma yana fara haɓaka gaba gaba, ba tare da shiga cikin lokacin chrysalis ba. A lokacin farkon matakan ba shi da fuka -fukai, kamar yadda zai bayyana daga baya yayin da yake ci gaba. Hakanan, ba ta balaga ta jima'i har sai ta kai matakin balagagge.
Matakan cikakken metamorphosis a cikin kwari
Don bayyana metamorphosis cikakke ko rikitarwa, mun zaɓi malam buɗe ido metamorphosis. Yana farawa, kamar yadda ya gabata, daga ƙwai mai haihuwa, wanda ke kyankyashewa a cikin tsutsa. Wannan mutumin zai ciyar da ci gaba har sai homonin ya fara haifar da canjin lokaci. Caterpillar zai fara nade kansa da zaren da ya ɓoye, har sai ya samar da chrysalis wanda ya rufe shi gaba ɗaya.
A wannan lokaci na rashin aiki, kwarkwata za ta fara sake farfado da gabobin yara da canza jikinta gaba daya, har sai ta bunkasa kafafu da fuka -fuki. Yana iya wuce kwanaki ko makonni. A ƙarshe, kumburin zai buɗe, yana ba da dama ga asu babba.
Matakan metamorphosis a cikin amphibians
Don bayyana matakan metamorphosis a cikin amphibians, mun zaɓi metamorphosis na kwado. Ana haƙa ƙwai na ƙwaƙƙwafi a cikin ruwa yayin da suke kewaye da wani taro na gelatinous wanda ke kare su. Za su ci gaba har sai tsutsotsi sun yi cikakken ƙarfi sannan a haifi tadpole, wanda ke da kai da wutsiya. Yayin da tadpole ke ciyarwa da haɓakawa, zai fara haɓaka kafafu kuma, akan lokaci, adadi na babban kwadi. A ƙarshe, lokacin da ta rasa wutsiyarsa, za a ɗauke ta a matsayin babba kuma ƙwararriyar jinsi.
Wadanne dabbobi suna da metamorphosis?
A ƙarshe, muna nuna jerin jeri na ƙungiyoyin zoological daga dabbobin da ke shan metamorphosis a cikin ci gabanta:
- lissamphibians
- Anurans
- Apos
- Urodels
- arthropods
- Ƙwari
- Crustaceans
- echinoderms
- Molluscs (ban da cephalopods)
- agnathes
- Salmoniform kifi
- Anguilliformes Kifi
- Pleuronectiform kifi
Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Dabbobin da ke tafiya ta hanyar metamorphosis,, muna ba da shawarar cewa ku shiga ɓangaren Curiosities na duniyar dabbobi.