Dabbobi da suka shuɗe a Brazil

Wadatacce

• Rarraba dabbobin da suka mutu
• 1. Candango linzamin kwamfuta
• 2. Shark hakori mai allura
• 3. Pine Tree Frog
• 4. Hanci
• 5. Muryar Arewa maso Yamma
• 6. Eskimo Curlew
• 7. Mujiya Cabure-de-Pernambuco
• 8. Karamar Hyacinth Macaw
• 9. Mai tsabtace ganyen arewa maso gabas
• 10. Babbar Nono
• 11. Megadytes ducalis
• 12. Minhocuçu
• 13. Jafar Babbar Jemagu
• 14. Kyankyasar ƙuda
• Dabbobi masu hadari a Brazil

Game da 20% na nau'in dabbobi da tsirrai suna fuskantar barazanar karewa a Brazil, a cewar wani bincike da Cibiyar Geography da Kididdiga ta Brazil (IBGE) ta fitar a watan Nuwamba 2020.

Dalilai daban -daban suna bayyana waɗannan bayanan: farautar da ba a sarrafa ta, lalata mazaunin dabbobi, gobara da gurɓatawa, kawai don suna kaɗan. Koyaya, abin takaici mun riga mun san cewa akwai da yawa dabbobin da suka bace a Brazil, wasu har zuwa kwanan nan. Kuma wannan shine abin da zamu yi magana akai a cikin wannan labarin na PeritoAnimal.

Rarraba dabbobin da suka mutu

Kafin mu lissafa dabbobin da suka bace a Brazil, yana da mahimmanci a bayyana rarrabuwa daban -daban da ake amfani da su. Dangane da Red Book na Cibiyar Chico Mendes na 2018, wanda Cibiyar Kula da Rayayyun Halittu ta Chico Mendes (ICMBio) ta shirya, wanda ya dogara ne akan lamuran Red List na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Kula da Yanayi da albarkatun ƙasa (IUCN), irin waɗannan dabbobi ana iya rarrabasu azaman: ya mutu a cikin daji, yanki ya lalace ko kawai ya mutu:

• Dabba ta ƙare a cikin daji (EW).
• Dabbar da ta mutu a yanki (RE).
• Dabbar da ta ƙare (EX).

Yanzu da kuka sani bambance -bambance a cikin rarrabuwa na dabbobin da suka mutu, za mu fara jerin sunayen dabbobin da suka bace a Brazil bisa binciken da ICMBIO, wata hukumar kula da muhalli ta gwamnati da ke cikin Ma'aikatar Muhalli, da kuma a cikin Jerin IUCN.

1. Candango linzamin kwamfuta

An gano wannan nau'in yayin ginin Brasília. A lokacin, an sami kwafi guda takwas kuma ya ɗauki hankalin waɗanda ke aiki a wurin ginin abin da zai zama sabon babban birnin Brazil. Berayen suna da launin ruwan lemo mai launin ruwan kasa, ratsin baƙaƙe da wutsiya da ta sha bamban da berayen da kowa ya sani: ban da kauri da gajarta, an rufe shi da fur. Kai mazan manya sun kai santimita 14, tare da jela tana auna santimita 9.6.

An aika da mutanen don bincike kuma, ta haka ne, aka gano cewa sabon salo ne. Domin don karrama shugaba na lokacin Juscelino Kubitschek, alhakin gina babban birnin, linzamin kwamfuta ya sami sunan kimiyya na Juscelinomys candango, amma sananne ya zama sananne a matsayin bera-na-shugaban ko bera-candango-ma'aikatan da suka taimaka wajen gina Brasília ana kiransu candangos.

An ga nau'in kawai a farkon shekarun 1960 kuma, bayan shekaru da yawa, an dauke shi a matsayin dabbar da ta mutu a Brazil da kuma a duniya ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Kula da Yanayi (IUCN). An yi imanin cewa mamayar Filato ta Tsakiya ce ke da alhakin bacewarsa.

2. Shark hakori mai allura

Shark-allurar haƙori (Carcharhinus isodon) ana rarraba shi daga gabar tekun Amurka zuwa Uruguay, amma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin da suka bace a Brazil, tun lokacin da aka ga samfurin ƙarshe sama da shekaru 40 da suka gabata kuma wataƙila ma ya ɓace daga Tekun Atlantika baki ɗaya.Yana rayuwa a cikin manyan makarantu kuma mai ɗaukar nauyi.

A cikin Amurka, inda har yanzu ana iya samun ta, da kamun kifi da ba a sarrafa shi yana haifar da daruruwan idan ba dubban mutuwar kowace shekara ba. A duk duniya nau'in jinsin da IUCN ke barazanar barazana da shi.

3. Pine Tree Frog

Fimbria kore itace kwado (Farnomedia fim) ko kuma Saint Andrew's Tree Frog, an same shi a Alto da Serra de Paranapiacava, a Santo André, São Paulo a 1896 kuma an yi bayanin shi a cikin 1923. Amma babu sauran rahotannin nau'in da dalilan da suka sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin da suka mutu a Brazil ba a sani ba .

4. Hanci

Bera na noronha (Noronhomys vespuccii) ana ɗauka ya ƙare na dogon lokaci, tun daga ƙarni na 16, amma an rarrabe shi kawai cikin jerin dabbobin da suka mutu a Brazil kwanan nan. An gano burbushin halittu daga lokacin Holocene, yana nuna cewa berayen ƙasa ne, masu kiba kuma babba ne, ya yi nauyi tsakanin 200 zuwa 250g kuma ya rayu a tsibirin Fernando de Noronha.

Dangane da Red Book na Cibiyar Chico Mendes, beron noronha na iya ɓacewa bayan gabatar da wasu nau'in beraye a tsibirin, wanda ya haifar da gasa da farauta, da ma farautar abinci, saboda babban bera ne.

5. Muryar Arewa maso Yamma

Tsuntsu mai kukan arewa maso gabas ko kuma tsuntsu mai hawa arewa maso gabas (Cichlocolaptes mazarbarnetti) za a iya samu a cikin Pernambuco da Alagoas, amma rikodinsa na ƙarshe ya faru a 2005 da 2007 kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa a halin yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin da suka mutu a Brazil bisa ga ICMBio Red Book.

Yana da kusan santimita 20 kuma ya rayu shi kaɗai ko a cikin nau'i biyu da babban dalilin gushewarta shine asarar mazaunin sa, saboda wannan nau'in yana da matukar damuwa da canje -canjen muhalli kuma ya dogara kacokam akan bromeliads don abinci.

6. Eskimo Curlew

Tsarin Eskimo Curlew (Numenius borealis) tsuntsu ne wanda a da ana ɗaukar sa dabbar da ta ɓace a duk faɗin duniya amma, a cikin jerin ƙarshe na Instituto Chico Mendes, an sake tsara shi zuwa dabbar da ta mutu a yanki, tunda kasancewarsa tsuntsu mai ƙaura, yana yiwuwa yana nan a wata ƙasa.

Da farko ya zauna Kanada da Alaska kuma yayi ƙaura zuwa ƙasashe irin su Argentina, Uruguay, Chile da Paraguay, ban da Brazil. An riga an yi rijistar ta a Amazonas, São Paulo da Mato Grosso, amma na ƙarshe da aka gani a ƙasar shine sama da shekaru 150 da suka gabata.

Farauta da asarar muhallinsu an yi nuni da su a matsayin sanadin lalacewar su. A halin yanzu ana ɗaukarsa nau'in da ke cikin babbar barazana daga bacewar duniya a cewar IUCN. A cikin hoton da ke ƙasa, kuna iya ganin rikodin wannan tsuntsu da aka yi a 1962 a Texas, Amurka.

7. Mujiya Cabure-de-Pernambuco

The caburé-de-pernambuco (Glaucidium Mooreorum), na dangin Strigidae, na mujiya, an same su a gabar tekun Pernambuco kuma mai yiwuwa kuma a Alagoas da Rio Grande do Norte. An tattara biyu a cikin 1980 kuma akwai rikodin sauti a 1990. Ana hasashen cewa tsuntsun yana da dare, rana da maraice, ciyar da kwari da ƙananan kasusuwan kasusuwa kuma za su iya rayuwa biyu -biyu ko kadaitattu. An yi imanin cewa rugujewar muhallinsa ya haddasa gushewar wannan dabba a Brazil.

8. Karamar Hyacinth Macaw

Ƙananan macaw hyacinth (Annoorhynchus glaucus) za a iya samu a Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina da Brazil. Ba tare da wani bayanan hukuma a kusa da nan ba, akwai rahotannin wanzuwar sa a ƙasar mu. An yi imanin cewa yawan jama'arta bai taɓa zama mai mahimmanci ba kuma ya zama jinsunan da ba kasafai ba a rabi na biyu na karni na 19.

Babu wani tarihin mutane masu rai tun daga 1912, lokacin da samfurin ƙarshe a Gidan Zoo na London zai mutu. A cewar ICMBio, abin da ya mayar da ita wata dabbar da ta mutu a Brazil wataƙila faɗaɗa aikin gona ne da kuma tasirin da Yaƙin Paraguay, wanda ya lalata muhallin da ya rayu. An kuma nuna alamun annoba da gajiyawar kwayoyin halitta a matsayin yiwuwar dalilan ɓacewarsu daga yanayi.

9. Mai tsabtace ganyen arewa maso gabas

Mai tsabtace ganyen arewa maso gabas (Philydor novaesi) wani tsuntsu ne mai ɗorewa a Brazil wanda za'a iya samu a cikin yankuna uku kawai Pernambuco da Alagoas. Tsuntsu ya kasance na ƙarshe da aka gani a cikin 2007 kuma ya kasance yana zaune a cikin manyan da matsakaitan gandun daji, yana cin abinci akan arthropods kuma an cutar da yawan jama'arta saboda faɗaɗa aikin gona da kiwon shanu. Saboda haka, ana la'akari da shi daga rukunin dabbobin da suka shuɗe kwanan nan a kasar.

10. Babbar Nono

Babbar nono ja (sturnella defilippii) yana daya daga cikin dabbobin da suka mutu a Brazil wanda har yanzu yana faruwa a wasu ƙasashe kamar Argentina da Uruguay. Lokaci na ƙarshe da aka gan shi a Rio Grande do Sul shine sama da shekaru 100, a cewar ICMBio.

wannan tsuntsu yana ciyar da kwari da iri kuma yana zaune a yankunan sanyi. A cewar hukumar ta IUCN, ana yi mata barazanar gushewa a cikin yanayi na rauni.

11. Megadytes ducalis

O Ducal Megadytes Yana da nau'in ruwa irin ƙwaro daga dangin Dytiscidae kuma sanannu ne ga mutum ɗaya da aka samu a ƙarni na 19 a Brazil, ba a san wurin da tabbas ba. Yana da cm 4.75 sannan zai zama mafi girma a cikin iyali.

12. Minhocuçu

Tsutsar ciki (rhinodrilus fafner) sananne ne kawai ga wani mutum da aka samu a cikin 1912 a cikin garin Sabará, kusa da Belo Horizonte. Koyaya, an aika samfurin gidan kayan tarihin Senckenberg da ke Frankfurt, Jamus, inda har yanzu ana ajiye shi gutsutsure da dama a cikin talaucin yanayin kiyayewa.

Ana la'akari da wannan tsutsar ƙasa daya daga cikin manyan tsutsotsin da aka taba samu a duniya, mai yiwuwa ya kai mita 2.1 a tsayi kuma ya kai kauri 24 mm kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin da suka mutu a Brazil.

13. Jafar Babbar Jemagu

Babbar vampire jemage (Desmodus draculae) zauna a ciki wurare masu zafi daga Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. A Brazil, an sami kwanyar wannan nau'in a cikin kogon Alto Ribeira Touristic State Park (PETAR), a São Paulo, a 1991.^[1]

Ba a san abin da ya haifar da bacewarsa ba, amma ana hasashen cewa halayensa sun yi kama da na rayayyun halittun halittar halittu, jemagu na vampire (Tsarin rotundus), wanda ke ƙona jini, saboda haka yana ciyar da jinin dabbobi masu shayarwa, kuma yana da fuka-fukan da zai iya kaiwa santimita 40. Daga bayanan da aka riga aka samo, wannan dabbar dabbar ta kasance 30% girma fiye da na dangi.

14. Kyankyasar ƙuda

Anyi la'akari da dabbar da ta mutu a Brazil, shark lizard (Schroederichthys bivius) har yanzu ana iya samunsa a gabar sauran ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka. ƙaramin kifin teku ne wanda aka samo a gabar kudu ta Rio Grande do Sul.Ya fi son zama a cikin ruwa har zuwa zurfin mita 130 kuma dabba ce gabatarwa jima'i dimorphism a fannoni daban -daban, tare da maza sun kai tsayin 80cm yayin da mata kuma, suka kai 70cm.

Lokaci na ƙarshe wannan dabba mai oviparous An gan shi a Brazil a cikin 1988. Babban dalilin gushewarta shine tattakewa, saboda babu wata sha'awar kasuwanci a cikin wannan dabbar.

Dabbobi masu hadari a Brazil

Magana game da bacewar dabbobi yana da mahimmanci ko don a tashe su manufofin jama'a don kare nau'in. Kuma wannan, kamar yadda yakamata, shine batun maimaitawa anan PeritoAnimal.

Brazil, tare da dimbin halittu masu rai, an nuna su a matsayin gidan wani abu tsakanin 10 da 15% na dabbobi a duk faɗin duniya kuma abin takaici daruruwan su ana yi musu barazanar halaka musamman saboda ayyukan mutum. A ƙasa muna haskaka wasu dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a Brazil:

• Dolphin ruwan hoda (Ina geoffrensis)
• Kyarkeci Guara (Chrysocyon brachyurus)
• Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
• Bakin Cuxiú (shaidan chiropots)
• Yellow Woodpecker (Celeus flavus subflavus)
• Kunkuru na fata (Dermochelys coriacea)
• Golden Lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia)
• Yaren Jaguar (panthera onca)
• Kare Vinegar (Speothos venaticus)
• Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
• Gaskiya baki (Sporophila maximilian)
• Tafi (Tapirus terrestris)
• Babban Armadillo (Maximus Priodonts)
• Babban Gizo (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus)

Kowa na iya yin aikin sa wajen kiyaye muhalli, ko ta hanyar adana kuzari da farashin ruwa a gida, rashin jefa shara a cikin koguna, tekuna da dazuzzuka ko ma kasancewa cikin ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu don kare dabbobi da/ko muhalli.

Kuma yanzu da kun riga kun san wasu dabbobin da suka mutu a Brazil, kada ku manta da sauran labaran mu waɗanda a ciki muke magana game da dabbobin da suka mutu a duniya:

• Dabbobi 15 sun yi barazanar gushewa a Brazil
• Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Pantanal
• Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Amazon - Hotuna da abubuwan banza
• Dabbobi 10 da ke cikin hatsari a duniya
• Tsuntsayen da ke cikin haɗari: nau'in, halaye da hotuna

Idan kuna son karanta ƙarin labarai makamantansu Dabbobi da suka shuɗe a Brazil,, muna ba da shawarar ku shigar da sashen Dabbobin mu na Ƙarshe.

Nassoshi

• UNICAMP. Batun Chupacabra na Peru? A'a, katon vampire namu ne! Akwai shi a: https://www.blogs.unicamp.br/caapora/2012/03/20/morcego-chupacabra-peruano-nao-o-vampiro-gigante-e-nosso/>. An isa ga Yuni 18, 2021.